pySerial
介绍
封装了串口通讯模块，支持Linux、Windows、BSD(可能支持所有支持POSIX的操作系统)，支持Jython(Java)和IconPython(.NET and Mono).
首页 http://pyserial.sf.net/
特性
所有平台使用同样的类接口
端口号默认从0开始，程序中不需要知道端口名称
像文件读写一样的API，read、write（readline等也受支持）
所有程序全由Python完成，除了标准库外不依赖其他包，除了pywin32(windows)、JavaComm(Jython). POSIX(Linux, BSD) 只依赖Python标准库。
依赖环境
Python2.2或更新版本
windows 上的 pywin32扩展
Java/Jython上的 "Java Communications" (JavaComm)或者兼容包
安装
pip/easy_install
pip install pyserial
easy_install pyserial
windows
下载地址 ： http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=46487
快速上手
Open port 0 at "9600,8,N,1", no timeout
>>> import serial
>>> ser = serial.Serial(0) # open first serial port
>>> print ser.portstr # check which port was really used
>>> ser.write("hello") # write a string
>>> ser.close() # close port
Open named port at "19200,8,N,1", 1s timeout
>>> ser = serial.Serial('/dev/ttyS1', 19200, timeout=1)
>>> x = ser.read() # read one byte
>>> s = ser.read(10) # read up to ten bytes (timeout)
>>> line = ser.readline() # read a '/n' terminated line
>>> ser.close()
Open second port at "38400,8,E,1", non blocking HW handshaking
>>> ser = serial.Serial(1, 38400, timeout=0,
... parity=serial.PARITY_EVEN, rtscts=1)
>>> s = ser.read(100) # read up to one hundred bytes
... # or as much is in the buffer
Get a Serial instance and configure/open it later
>>> ser = serial.Serial()
>>> ser.baudrate = 19200
>>> ser.port = 0
>>> ser
Serial<id=0xa81c10, open=False>(port='COM1', baudrate=19200, bytesize=8, parity='N', stopbits=1, timeout=None, xonxoff=0, rtscts=0)
>>> ser.open()
>>> ser.isOpen()
True
>>> ser.close()
>>> ser.isOpen()
False
如果给定端口，端口将在创建对象之后立即打开，如果没有给定端口，可选timeout参数
timeout=None # wait forever
timeout=0 # non-blocking mode (return immediately on read)
timeout=x # set timeout to x seconds (float allowed)
Serial实例的可用方法
open() # 打开端口
close() # 立即关闭端口
setBaudrate(baudrate) # change baud rate on an open port
inWaiting() # return the number of chars in the receive buffer
read(size=1) # read "size" characters
write(s) # 把字符串s写到该端口
flushInput() # 清除输入缓存区，放弃所有内容
flushOutput() # 清除输出缓冲区，放弃输出
sendBreak() # 发送中断条件
setRTS(level=1) # set RTS line to specified logic level
setDTR(level=1) # set DTR line to specified logic level
getCTS() # return the state of the CTS line
getDSR() # return the state of the DSR line
getRI() # return the state of the RI line
getCD() # return the state of the CD line
Serial实例的属性
只读
portstr # 设备名称
BAUDRATES # list of valid baudrates
BYTESIZES # list of valid byte sizes
PARITIES # list of valid parities
STOPBITS # list of valid stop bit widths
下面属性值被更改后端口会重新配置，即使端口已经打开
port # port name/number as set by the user
baudrate # current baud rate setting
bytesize # byte size in bits
parity # parity setting
stopbits # stop bit with (1,2)
timeout # timeout setting
xonxoff # if Xon/Xoff flow control is enabled
rtscts # if hardware flow control is enabled
异常
serial.SerialException
常量
parity:
serial.PARITY_NONE
serial.PARITY_EVEN
serial.PARITY_ODD
stopbits
serial.STOPBITS_ONE
al.STOPBITS_TWO
bytesize:
serial.FIVEBITS
serial.SIXBITS
serial.SEVENBITS
serial.EIGHTBITS
翻译(有删减)仅供参考
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/dainiao01/article/details/5885122
官方文档：http://pyserial.sf.net/