Startup mount时报ORA-12514错误的解决方法

1.关闭数据库
shutdown immediate;

2.数据库启动到mount阶段
startup mount;
ORA-12514: TNS: 监听程序当前无法识别连接描述符中请求的服务  

处理办法：listener文件，添加如下红字内容：
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")
     )
     (SID_DESC=
       (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl.com)
       (ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
       (SID_NAME = ORCL)
     )
  )

3.重启侦听服务
lsnrctl stop;
lsnrctl start;

4.SYS 用户登录
startup mount;

5.开启归档模式(可跳过)
alter database archivelog;

6.打开数据库
alter database open;