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Jenkins详述-jenkins+gitlab+tomcat+sonarQube

90s-blog 2022-04-16 16:57 原文

目录

一、软件开发的生命周期

软件开发的周期又叫做SDLC（SoftWare Development Life Cycle），它是集合了计划、开发、测试和部署过程。

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二、持续集成

所谓的持续集成指的是，频繁的将代码集成到主干。持续集成的目的就是为了让产品能够快速的迭代，同时还能保持高质量。为了保证高质量的持续集成，必须通过自动化测试，自动化部署来实现。

一个团队可以快速的从一个功能到另一个功能的快速迭代，就需要有一套快速且高度自动化的一个软件来实现这一需求。

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三、Jenkins

Jenkins主要是用来做软件部署过程中的持续集成自动化的。

Jenkins是一款流行的开源持续集成工具，广泛用于项目开发，自动化部署，自动化测试等功能。

官网：https://www.jenkins.io/zh/

1、Jenkins的特点

  • 开源
  • 是由Java语言开发的
  • 简单并且易于安装
  • 分布式构建
  • 支持丰富的插件

2、持续集成流程

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3、部署gitlab (代码托管服务器)

gitlab官网：https://about.gitlab.cn/install/

Gitlab是一个用于代码仓库管理系统的开源项目，使用Git作为代码的管理工具，并在此基础上搭建起来的一个web服务。

部署Gitlab最小的系统配置是，2核4GB。

3.1 安装软件

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname gitlab
[root@localhost ~]# echo '106.14.16.228 gitlab' >> /etc/hosts

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y curl policycoreutils-python openssh-server perl

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/gitlab-ce.repo
[gitlab-ce]
name=Gitlab CE Repository
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el$releasever/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum makecache
[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install gitlab-ce -y

3.2 配置软件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb  # 修改以下选项
external_url 'http://192.168.13.62'
nginx['listen_port'] = 80

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3.3 生成配置

[root@gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure
[root@gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl start

3.4 登录gitlab

# 获取默认的密码,去浏览器访问IP登录gitlab，进入页面后右上角偏好设置中可以设置中文

[root@gitlab ~]# cat /etc/gitlab/initial_root_password | grep 'Password:'
Password: t30kqLek+paNa6nIWHy77iLkIYBIckXzJI5NQrIjtVs=

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4、Git (开源的分布式代码托管工具)

4.1 安装Git

Git是支持跨平台的.

4.1.1 window安装

# 下载连接如下，下载后直接安装在非系统盘即可。
https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/releases/download/v2.35.1.windows.2/Git-2.35.1.2-64-bit.exe

# 使用pycharm的话，可以在settings中如图下配置git

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4.1.2 linux安装

[root@gitlab ~]# yum install git -y

4.2 git的使用

线下和线上相关的操作。

4.2.1 git的暂存区和缓冲区

代码文件编辑好之后使用'git add 文件名'加入缓存冲进入Git管理；使用'git commit -m "提交代码的注释"'进入缓存区；通过'git push origin 分支名称'提交到代码托管服务器。

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4.2.2 Git命令的使用

1、创建一个本地的git仓库

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir test
[root@localhost ~]# cd test/

2、初始化git仓库

[root@localhost test]# git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/test/.git/

[root@localhost test]# ll -a
total 0
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  18 Apr  7 09:43 .
dr-xr-x---. 8 root root 243 Apr  7 09:42 ..
drwxr-xr-x  7 root root 119 Apr  7 09:43 .git

3、添加代码到缓冲区

[root@localhost test]# vim index.py
[root@localhost test]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Apr  7 09:44 index.py

[root@localhost test]# git add index.py

4、将代码从缓冲区删除

[root@localhost test]# git rm --cached index.py
rm 'index.py'

5、配置git邮箱和用户名

[root@localhost test]# git config --global user.name "Your Name"
[root@localhost test]# git config --global user.email you@example.com

6、提交到暂存区

[root@localhost test]# git commit -m '提交需要添加的注释'

4.2.3 Git分支

1、创建分支

[root@localhost test]# git checkout -b test
Switched to a new branch 'test'

2、查看分支

[root@localhost test]# git branch
  master
* test

3、切换分支

[root@localhost test]# git checkout master
Switched to branch 'master'
[root@localhost test]# git branch
* master
  test

4.2.4 提交至代码托管服务

1、创建一个远程代码仓库

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2、登录远程代码仓库

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3、将本地仓库与线上仓库建立连接

[root@localhost test]# git remote add origin git@192.168.13.62:root/jenkins.git

4、将本地代码提交至远程仓库

[root@localhost test]# git push origin master   # 格式：git push origin 分支名
The authenticity of host '192.168.13.62 (192.168.13.62)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:F3PfT4mMKcYBveN9o1NMvAU4wFh2dMsWe9B5Zlqiuqk.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:bb:1b:ec:02:27:0f:93:72:ae:6d:5a:48:99:b7:87:58.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.13.62' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Counting objects: 6, done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (6/6), 474 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 6 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@192.168.13.62:root/jenkins.git
 * [new branch]      master -> master

5、gitlab代码托管服务器简单使用

用户及用户组

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6、Jenkins部署

Jenkins是使用Java开发的一款自动化部署的软件。

6.1 部署Java

jenkins是用java开发的，所以需要先部署依赖

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname jenkins

# 备份源
[root@jenkins ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak

# 换源
[root@jenkins ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[root@jenkins ~]# yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk* -y

6.2 部署Jenkins

[root@jenkins ~]# wget http://106.13.81.75/jenkins-2.249.1-1.1.noarch.rpm
[root@jenkins ~]# yum install jenkins-2.249.1-1.1.noarch.rpm -y

# 安装git工具
[root@jenkins ~]# yum install git -y

6.3 启动Jenkins

[root@jenkins nginx]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

[root@jenkins nginx]#vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/jenkins.conf
server {

  server_name _;
  listen 80;
  location / {
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
	}
}

[root@jenkins conf.d]# nginx -t
[root@jenkins conf.d]# systemctl start nginx
[root@jenkins ~]# systemctl start jenkins

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6.4 Jenkins换源

# 切换至配置文件目录
[root@jenkins updates]# cd /var/lib/jenkins/updates

# 换源
[root@jenkins updates]# sed -i 's/https:\/\/updates.jenkins.io\/download/https:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn\/jenkins/g' /var/lib/jenkins/updates/default.json
[root@jenkins updates]# sed -i 's/http:\/\/www.google.com/https:\/\/www.baidu.com/g' /var/lib/jenkins/updates/default.json

# 安装插件并重启
[root@jenkins jenkins]# cd /var/lib/jenkins/plugins
[root@jenkins plugins]# wget http://106.13.81.75/plugins.tar.gz
[root@jenkins plugins]# tar -xf plugins.tar.gz
[root@jenkins plugins]# rm -rf plugins.tar.gz
[root@jenkins plugins]# systemctl restart jenkins

6.5 升级站点

jenkins --> 系统管理 --> 插件管理 --> 升级站点：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/updates/update-center.json

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7、Jenkins 用户权限管理

我们可以使用 Role-based Authorization Strategy 插件，进行权限管理。

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8、创建自由风格的项目

自由风格的项目是Jenkins中代码部署的常见的一个非常重要且定制性非常高的一个项目。

8.1 代码部署的流程

8.1.1 本地开发代码

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8.1.2 提交代码托管服务器

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8.1.4 创建凭证

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8.1.5 关联主机

Jenkins关联部署的服务器。

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  • Jenkins服务器免密登录测试服务器

    [root@jenkins workspace]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.13.20

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8.2 编译型语言部署方式（java)

对于Jenkins来说，部署编译型语言和解释型语言之间最大的区别是，编译型语言需要编译。

8.2.1 配置maven环境

maven是用来编译java。

1、下载maven

[root@jenkins ~]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/maven/maven-3/3.6.3/binaries/apache-maven-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz

2、安装maven

[root@jenkins ~]# tar -xf apache-maven-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/

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3、设置环境变量

[root@jenkins apache-maven-3.6.3]# vim /etc/profile  # 在末尾新增环境变量
export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.3
export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin

[root@jenkins apache-maven-3.6.3]# source /etc/profile

4、测试maven安装情况

[root@jenkins apache-maven-3.6.3]# mvn --version
Apache Maven 3.6.3 (cecedd343002696d0abb50b32b541b8a6ba2883f)
Maven home: /usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.3
Java version: 1.8.0_322, vendor: Red Hat, Inc., runtime: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.322.b06-1.el7_9.x86_64/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"

8.2.2 Jenkins关联Java和maven4

1、设置jdk

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2、设置maven目录

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8.3 安装maven插件

# 升级jenkins版本
[root@jenkins jre-1.8.0-openjdk]# sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
[root@jenkins jre-1.8.0-openjdk]# sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key
[root@jenkins jre-1.8.0-openjdk]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@jenkins ~]# yum updata jenkins -y
[root@jenkins ~]# sed -i 's/https:\/\/updates.jenkins.io\/download/https:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn\/jenkins/g' /var/lib/jenkins/updates/default.json
[root@jenkins ~]# sed -i 's/https:\/\/updates.jenkins.io\/download/https:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn\/jenkins/g' /var/lib/jenkins/updates/default.json
[root@jenkins jre-1.8.0-openjdk]# systemctl start jenkins

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8.4 准备Java代码

在gitlab创建新项目--直接导库：https://gitee.com/chenyang0910/springboot.git

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8.5 创建本地的maven仓库

maven在编译java代码时，需要下载很多的安装包，如果每一次去编译都去下载安装包会很浪费时间，因此，我们创建一个本地仓库用于下载下来的安装包，以至于下次构建无需再次下载。

8.5.1 创建本地仓库

[root@jenkins ~]# mkdir -pv /data/software/repository
mkdir: created directory ‘/data’
mkdir: created directory ‘/data/software’
mkdir: created directory ‘/data/software/repository’

[root@jenkins ~]# chown -R jenkins.jenkins /data

8.5.2 关联本地仓库

[root@jenkins ~]# vim /usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.3/conf/settings.xml  # 修改以下内容

  <localRepository>/data/software/repository/</localRepository>
  <mirrors>
     <mirror>
        <id>aliyunmaven</id>
        <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
        <name>aliyun maven mirror</name>
        <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central</url>
     </mirror>
  </mirrors>

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8.6 配置maven编译java项目

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8.7 部署测试环境

一般情况下，我们代理java的服务叫作Tomcat。

8.7.1 安装Java

[root@localhost ~]# yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk* -y

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8.7.2 下载Tomcat

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.62/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.62.tar.gz

8.7.3 配置Tomcat

[root@localhost ~]# tar -xf apache-tomcat-9.0.62.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@localhost apache-tomcat-9.0.62]# vim /etc/profile  # 新增环境变量到最后
export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.62
export PATH=$PATH:$TOMCAT_HOME/bin

[root@localhost apache-tomcat-9.0.62]# source /etc/profile

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.62/conf/tomcat-users.xml  # 新增在最后
<role rolename="tomcat"/>
<role rolename="role1"/>
<role rolename="manager-script"/>
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<role rolename="manager-status"/>
<role rolename="admin-gui"/>
<role rolename="admin-script"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="manager-gui,manager-script,tomcat,admin-gui,admin-script"/>

# 配置登录：注释掉只允许回环地址登录，因为需要jenkins登录
[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.62/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
  <!--<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
         allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" /> -->

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8.7.4 启动Tomcat

[root@localhost apache-tomcat-9.0.62]# /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.62/bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.62
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.62
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.62/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.62/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.62/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   
Tomcat started.

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -nutlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      4262/nginx: master  
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1333/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      4672/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      4262/nginx: master  
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1333/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN      4672/java

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8.8 配置Jenkins链接Tomcat

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四、Jenkins参数化构建

Jenkins参数化构建是为了丰富Jenkins构建项目时的选择以及参数。

1、参数化构建

1.1 选项参数

可以设置成一个单选框。

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1.2 文本参数

相当于需要一段文字

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1.3 文件参数

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1.4 布尔参数

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1.5 密码参数

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1.6 字符参数

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1.7 凭据参数

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1.8 级联参数

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1.9 GIT参数

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1.10 参数化构建java

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2、构建触发器

通常有这样一种情况，就是代码一旦提交，就应该立即部署。

2.1 构建触发器的种类

  • 触发构建（代码一经提交，立即构建）
  • 其他工程构建，本工程立即构建
  • 定时构建
  • 轮询SCM构建

2.2 非触发构建

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2.3 触发构建（代码一经提交，立即构建）

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触发构建：触发远程构建

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2.4 其他工程构建，本工程立即构建

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2.5 定时构建

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2.6 轮询SCM构建

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2.7 webhook自动构建

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五、流水线

流水线是通过代码的方式编写构建的步骤。流水线最大的好处就是可以复用。

1、安装流水线插件

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2、创建流水线项目

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3、流水线语法

pipeline {
  agent any
  stages {
    stage('pull code') {
      parallel {
        stage('pull code') {
          steps {
            sleep 10
          }
        }

        stage('check env') {
          steps {
            sleep 10
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

# 语法中的名词解释：
pipeline	: 代表一条流水线，每一个流水线项目有且只有一个pipeline
agent		: 代表这条流水线将在什么环境下运行（eg：docker、kubernetes、any-代表在任何环境下运行）
parallel  	: 并行操作
stages		: 代表整个流水线的所有执行阶段
stage		: 代表流实现中的某一个阶段
steps		: 代表某一个阶段中的具体步骤


# 示例(注意涉及变量的时候需要换成双引号，不能用单引号)：
pipeline {
    agent any
    stages {
        stage ('拉取代码') {
            steps {
                git branch: 'main', credentialsId: 'e0b54b36-1cd9-488b-94d6-46b6f518857d', url: 'git@124.220.41.46:wotiecity/html.git'
            }
        }
        stage ('切换分支') {
            steps {
                sh """#!/bin/bash
                echo "切换分支"
			   git checkout $GET_TAG"""
            }    
        }
        
        stage ('部署代码') {
            steps {  
                sshPublisher(publishers: [sshPublisherDesc(configName: '测试服务器', transfers: [sshTransfer(cleanRemote: false, excludes: '', execCommand: '''#!/bin/bash
echo "部署完成"''', execTimeout: 120000, flatten: false, makeEmptyDirs: false, noDefaultExcludes: false, patternSeparator: '[, ]+', remoteDirectory: '', remoteDirectorySDF: false, removePrefix: '', sourceFiles: '**/**')], usePromotionTimestamp: false, useWorkspaceInPromotion: false, verbose: false)]) 
            }
        }
    }
}

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4、自动创建流水线

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pipeline {
  agent any
  stages {
    stage('环境初始化和拉取代码') {
      parallel {
        stage('拉取代码') {
          steps {
            git credentialsId: '55fd0710-3451-4045-be7d-1c36a5a5b2a0', url: 'git@106.52.17.244:group/springboot.git'
          }
        }

        stage('环境初始化') {
          steps {
            sh """
                echo "初始化环境"
                sleep 10

            """
          }
        }

      }
    }

    stage('切换分支') {
      steps {
        sh """#!/bin/bash

            git checkout $GIT_TAG"""
      }
    }

    stage('检查代码') {
      steps {
        sh """
            echo "检查代码"
            sleep 10

            """
      }
    }

    stage('编译代码') {
      steps {
        sh '''#!/bin/bash

            echo "编译代码"
            mvn clean package '''
      }
    }

    stage('部署到Tomcat') {
      steps {
        deploy adapters: [tomcat9(credentialsId: 'bffab838-3538-4457-917a-26e89f3a7a3e', path: '', url: 'http://106.55.254.107:80/')], contextPath: null, war: 'target/*.war'
      }
    }

    stage('发送邮件给管理员') {
      steps {
        sleep 10
      }
    }
  }
}

5、发送邮件

image-20220416012537219

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pipeline {
  agent any
  stages {
    stage('环境初始化和拉取代码') {
      parallel {
        stage('拉取代码') {
          steps {
            git credentialsId: 'e0b54b36-1cd9-488b-94d6-46b6f518857d', url: 'git@106.52.17.244:group/springboot.git'
          }
        }

        stage('环境初始化') {
          steps {
            sh """
                echo "初始化环境"
                sleep 10
            """
          }
        }

      }
    }

    stage('切换分支') {
      steps {
        sh """#!/bin/bash
		git checkout $GET_TAG"""
      }
    }

    stage('检查代码') {
      steps {
        sh """
            echo "检查代码"
            sleep 10

            """
      }
    }

    stage('编译代码') {
      steps {
        sh '''#!/bin/bash
			echo "编译代码"

mvn clean package '''
      }
    }

    stage('部署到Tomcat') {
      steps {
        deploy adapters: [tomcat9(credentialsId: '097807bb-f062-49d8-8d1b-7f9d8e6017de', path: '', url: 'http://106.55.254.107:8080/')], contextPath: null, war: 'target/*.war'
      }
    }
  }

  post {
    always {
      
      emailext body: '''
      <!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>${ENV,var="JOB_NAME"}-第${BUILD_NUMBER}次构建日志</title></head><body leftmargin="8"marginwidth="0"topmargin="8"marginheight="4"offset="0"><table width="95%"cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans- serif"><tr><td>(本邮件是程序自动下发的，请勿回复！)</td></tr><tr><td><h2><font color="#0000FF">构建结果-${BUILD_STATUS}</font></h2></td></tr><tr><td><br/><b><font color="#0B610B">构建信息</font></b><hr size="2"width="100%"align="center"/></td></tr><tr><td><ul><li>项目名称&nbsp;：&nbsp;${PROJECT_NAME}</li><li>构建编号&nbsp;：&nbsp;第${BUILD_NUMBER}次构建</li><li>触发原因：&nbsp;${CAUSE}</li><li>构建日志：&nbsp;<a href="${BUILD_URL}console">${BUILD_URL}console</a></li><li>构建&nbsp;&nbsp;Url&nbsp;：&nbsp;<a href="${BUILD_URL}">${BUILD_URL}</a></li><li>工作目录&nbsp;：&nbsp;<a href="${PROJECT_URL}ws">${PROJECT_URL}ws</a></li><li>项目&nbsp;&nbsp;Url&nbsp;：&nbsp;<a href="${PROJECT_URL}">${PROJECT_URL}</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td><b><font color="#0B610B">Changes Since Last Successful Build:</font></b><hr size="2"width="100%"align="center"/></td></tr>编写Jenkinsfile添加构建后发送邮件<tr><td><ul><li>历史变更记录:<a href="${PROJECT_URL}changes">${PROJECT_URL}changes</a></li></ul>${CHANGES_SINCE_LAST_SUCCESS,reverse=true,format="Changes for Build#%n: <br />%c <br />",showPaths=true,changesFormat=" <pre>[%a]<br />%m</pre>",pathFormat="&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;%p"}</td></tr><tr><td><b>Failed Test Results</b><hr size="2"width="100%"align="center"/></td></tr><tr><td><prestyle="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">$FAILED_TESTS</pre><br/></td></tr><tr><td><b><font color="#0B610B">构建日志(最后100行):</font></b><hr size="2"width="100%"align="center"/></td></tr><tr><td><textarea cols="80"rows="30"readonly="readonly"style="font-family: Courier New">${BUILD_LOG,maxLines=100}</textarea></td></tr></table></body></html>
      ''', subject: '【构建通知】${ENV, var="JOB_NAME"}-第${BUILD_NUMBER}次构建日志', to: 'qinqiuling0515@163.com'

    }
  }
}

六、SonarQube（代码检查）

SonarQube是一个用于管理代码质量的开发平台，可以快速的定位代码中潜在的或者明显的错误。

目前 SonarQube 已经支持了Java、C#、C、C++、Python、PHP、SQL、Golang已经Javascript等多种语言的检查功能。

官网：https://www.sonarqube.org/

1、部署SonarQube的要求

软件 版本
SonarQube 6.7以上
MySQL 5.7
JDK 1.8

2、下载软件

wget http://106.13.81.75/sonarqube.zip
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache fast
yum install docker-ce-19.03.12 -y
systemctl start docker

3、安装SonarQube

# 安装JDK
[root@VM-0-2-centos ~]# yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk* -y

# 安装数据库
[root@VM-0-2-centos ~]# docker run -d --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql:5.7

# 授权
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'  IDENTIFIED BY '123456'  WITH GRANT OPTION;

mysql> flush privileges;

# 创建SonarQube的数据库
mysql> create database SonarQube;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

# 安装SonarQube
[root@VM-0-2-centos ~]# unzip sonarqube.zip

[root@VM-0-2-centos ~]# mv sonarqube-6.7.4 /usr/local/

[root@VM-0-2-centos sonarqube-6.7.4]# vim /etc/profile
export SonarQube_HOME=/usr/local/sonarqube-6.7.4
export PATH=$PATH:$SonarQube_HOME/bin

[root@VM-0-2-centos sonarqube-6.7.4]# source /etc/profile

# 创建用户
[root@VM-0-2-centos sonarqube-6.7.4]# useradd sonar

# 给用户授权
[root@VM-0-2-centos sonarqube-6.7.4]# chown -R sonar.sonar /usr/local/sonarqube-6.7.4


# 修改SonarQube的配置
[root@VM-0-2-centos sonarqube-6.7.4]# vim /usr/local/sonarqube-6.7.4/conf/sonar.properties 
sonar.jdbc.username=root
sonar.jdbc.password=123456
sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.2:3306/SonarQube?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&useConfigs=maxPerformance&useSSL=false

# 修改内核参数
[root@VM-0-2-centos sonarqube-6.7.4]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.max_map_count=655360
[root@VM-0-2-centos sonarqube-6.7.4]# sysctl -p

# 启动SonarQube
[root@VM-0-2-centos sonarqube-6.7.4]# su sonar /usr/local/sonarqube-6.7.4/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh start 
Starting SonarQube...
Started SonarQube.

# 查看SonarQube的启动状告
[root@VM-0-2-centos ~]# su sonar /usr/local/sonarqube-6.7.4/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh status
SonarQube is running (1951).

image.png

image.png

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904eda2c1c46dbe4d0a9e0ea37f233c7201dfe81

mvn sonar:sonar \

-Dsonar.host.url=http://124.220.33.31:9000 \

-Dsonar.login=904eda2c1c46dbe4d0a9e0ea37f233c7201dfe81

image.png

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# must be unique in a given SonarQube instance
sonar.projectKey=wotie_java

# this is the name displayed in the SonarQube UI
sonar.projectName=wotie_java
#sonar.language=java
sonar.projectVersion=1.0

# the sonar-project.properties file.
sonar.sources=.

# 排除某些文件不检查
sonar.exclusions=**/test/**,**/target/**

# 设置JDK版本号
sonar.java.source=1.8
sonar.java.target=1.8

# 设置字符集编码
sonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8

image.png

pipeline {
  agent any
  stages {
    stage('环境初始化和拉取代码') {
      parallel {
        stage('拉取代码') {
          steps {
            git credentialsId: 'e0b54b36-1cd9-488b-94d6-46b6f518857d', url: 'git@124.222.165.136:wotiecity/springboot.git'
          }
        }

        stage('环境初始化') {
          steps {
            sh """

                echo "初始化环境"

                sleep 10

            """
          }
        }

      }
    }

    stage('切换分支') {
      steps {
        sh """#!/bin/bash

git checkout $GET_TAG"""
      }
    }

    stage('SonarQube代码审查') {
      steps {
        script {
          scannerHome = tool 'SonarQube-scanner'
        }
        withSonarQubeEnv('SonarQube6.4.7') {
          sh "${scannerHome}/bin/sonar-scanner"
        }
      }
    }

    stage('编译代码') {
      steps {
        sh '''#!/bin/bash

echo "编译代码"

mvn clean package '''
      }
    }

    stage('部署到Tomcat') {
      steps {
        deploy adapters: [tomcat9(credentialsId: '097807bb-f062-49d8-8d1b-7f9d8e6017de', path: '', url: 'http://121.4.208.149:8080/')], contextPath: null, war: 'target/*.war'
      }
    }
  }

  post {
    always {
      
      emailext body: '''
      <!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>${ENV,var="JOB_NAME"}-第${BUILD_NUMBER}次构建日志</title></head><body leftmargin="8"marginwidth="0"topmargin="8"marginheight="4"offset="0"><table width="95%"cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans- serif"><tr><td>(本邮件是程序自动下发的，请勿回复！)</td></tr><tr><td><h2><font color="#0000FF">构建结果-${BUILD_STATUS}</font></h2></td></tr><tr><td><br/><b><font color="#0B610B">构建信息</font></b><hr size="2"width="100%"align="center"/></td></tr><tr><td><ul><li>项目名称&nbsp;：&nbsp;${PROJECT_NAME}</li><li>构建编号&nbsp;：&nbsp;第${BUILD_NUMBER}次构建</li><li>触发原因：&nbsp;${CAUSE}</li><li>构建日志：&nbsp;<a href="${BUILD_URL}console">${BUILD_URL}console</a></li><li>构建&nbsp;&nbsp;Url&nbsp;：&nbsp;<a href="${BUILD_URL}">${BUILD_URL}</a></li><li>工作目录&nbsp;：&nbsp;<a href="${PROJECT_URL}ws">${PROJECT_URL}ws</a></li><li>项目&nbsp;&nbsp;Url&nbsp;：&nbsp;<a href="${PROJECT_URL}">${PROJECT_URL}</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td><b><font color="#0B610B">Changes Since Last Successful Build:</font></b><hr size="2"width="100%"align="center"/></td></tr>编写Jenkinsfile添加构建后发送邮件<tr><td><ul><li>历史变更记录:<a href="${PROJECT_URL}changes">${PROJECT_URL}changes</a></li></ul>${CHANGES_SINCE_LAST_SUCCESS,reverse=true,format="Changes for Build#%n: <br />%c <br />",showPaths=true,changesFormat=" <pre>[%a]<br />%m</pre>",pathFormat="&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;%p"}</td></tr><tr><td><b>Failed Test Results</b><hr size="2"width="100%"align="center"/></td></tr><tr><td><prestyle="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">$FAILED_TESTS</pre><br/></td></tr><tr><td><b><font color="#0B610B">构建日志(最后100行):</font></b><hr size="2"width="100%"align="center"/></td></tr><tr><td><textarea cols="80"rows="30"readonly="readonly"style="font-family: Courier New">${BUILD_LOG,maxLines=100}</textarea></td></tr></table></body></html>
      ''', subject: '【构建通知】${ENV, var="JOB_NAME"}-第${BUILD_NUMBER}次构建日志', to: 'chenyangqit@163.com'

    }
  }
}

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