首页 > 技术文章 > LeetCode 241. Different Ways to Add Parentheses为运算表达式设计优先级 (C++)

silentteller 2019-05-20 23:31 原文

题目:

Given a string of numbers and operators, return all possible results from computing all the different possible ways to group numbers and operators. The valid operators are +- and *.

Example 1:

Input: "2-1-1"
Output: [0, 2]
Explanation: 
((2-1)-1) = 0 
(2-(1-1)) = 2

Example 2:

Input: "2*3-4*5"
Output: [-34, -14, -10, -10, 10]
Explanation: 
(2*(3-(4*5))) = -34 
((2*3)-(4*5)) = -14 
((2*(3-4))*5) = -10 
(2*((3-4)*5)) = -10 
(((2*3)-4)*5) = 10

分析:

给定一个含有数字和运算符的字符串,为表达式添加括号,改变其运算优先级以求出不同的结果。你需要给出所有可能的组合的结果。有效的运算符号包含 +- 以及 * 。

以运算符号为界限来划分出左右两个子串,继续递归执行子串,直到只有一个元素为止。

左右两个子串的结果存进数组中,对其中的元素遍历组合得到结果。

diff(2*3-4*5) = { diff(2) * diff(3-4*5) } + { diff(2*3) - diff(4*5) } + { diff(2*3-4) * diff(5) }

其中diff(3-4*5) = {diff(3) - diff(4*5),diff(3-4) * diff(5)}={3-20,-1*5}={-17,-5}

 diff(2*3-4) = {diff(2) * diff(3-4),diff(2*3) - diff(4)} = {2*-1,6-4} = {-2,2}

所以diff(2*3-4*5) = {2*{-17,-5}}+{6-20}+{{-2,2}*5}={-34,-10}+{-14}+{-10,10}={-34,-10,-14,-10,10}

程序:

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> diffWaysToCompute(string input) {
        vector<int> res;
        for(int i = 0; i < input.size(); ++i){
            if(input[i] == '+' || input[i] == '-' || input[i] == '*'){
                vector<int> l = diffWaysToCompute(input.substr(0, i));
                vector<int> r = diffWaysToCompute(input.substr(i+1, input.size()-i));
                
                for(auto p:l)
                    for(auto q:r){
                        if(input[i] == '+')
                            res.push_back(p+q);
                        if(input[i] == '-')
                            res.push_back(p-q);
                        if(input[i] == '*')
                            res.push_back(p*q);
                    }
            }
        }
        if(res.empty())
            res.push_back(stoi(input));
        return res;
    }
};

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