首页 > 技术文章 > 使用HTML,CSS快速导出数据到Excel

dxqNet 2017-03-16 14:02 原文

 在应用中经常会遇到要从系统或数据库中导出数据平面文件,一般是导出到txt,csv或excel。txt和csv一般用在系统间的数据交换,

而excel一般有较好的显示效果,可以按照一定的模板导出,导出就不用再排版了,使用简单,如果是使用做报表一般都导出excel文件。

但是使用com组件导出到Excel数据很慢,有另一种生成excel文件的方式就是通过html和css快速导出数据同时并能设置样式,使用这种方式有两个优点:1是速度快,2是不需安装excel支持。

实现就是通过html可以直接转换成excel,有两个要点:一是显示出表格线,像ASP.net中直接通过Gridview导出excel都没有显示出表格

二是设置数据格式。

一、显示出表格线:
在html的head标记中加入以下代码:

复制代码
<xml>
   <x:ExcelWorkbook>
     <x:ExcelWorksheets>
       <x:ExcelWorksheet>                                                       
        <x:Name>工作表标题</x:Name>
                 <x:WorksheetOptions>
                   <x:Print>
                     <x:ValidPrinterInfo />
                   </x:Print>
                 </x:WorksheetOptions>
       </x:ExcelWorksheet>
      </x:ExcelWorksheets>
  </x:ExcelWorkbook>
</xml>
复制代码

二、设置数据格式:
在head中加入css定义

复制代码
<style type="text/css">
.spercent
{
 background-color:#ffff99;
 mso-number-format:0.00%;
}
</style>
复制代码

在css中加入:mso-number-format定义数据格式,格式可以在excel中查看自定义格式,具体可以参考一下:
mso-number-format:"0" NO Decimals 
mso-number-format:"0\.000" 3 Decimals 
mso-number-format:"\#\,\#\#0\.000" Comma with 3 dec 
mso-number-format:"mm\/dd\/yy" Date7 
mso-number-format:"mmmm\ d\,\ yyyy" Date9 
mso-number-format:"m\/d\/yy\ h\:mm\ AM\/PM" D -T AMPM 
mso-number-format:"Short Date" 01/03/1998 
mso-number-format:"Medium Date" 01-mar-98 
mso-number-format:"d\-mmm\-yyyy" 01-mar-1998 
mso-number-format:"Short Time" 5:16 
mso-number-format:"Medium Time" 5:16 am 
mso-number-format:"Long Time" 5:16:21:00 
mso-number-format:"Percent" Percent - two decimals 
mso-number-format:"0%" Percent - no decimals 
mso-number-format:"0\.E+00" Scientific Notation 
mso-number-format:"\@" Text 
mso-number-format:"\#\ ???\/???" Fractions - up to 3 digits (312/943)

导出的excel可以直接通过excel打开,效果如下:

完整代码:


class Program
    {
        private const string HEADER = "<html xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">" +
                                          "<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content=\"text/html; charset=\"gb2312\">" +
                                          "<head>" +
                                          "<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>" +
                                           "<x:ExcelWorkbook>" +
                                               "<x:ExcelWorksheets>" +
                                                   "<x:ExcelWorksheet>" +
                                                       "<x:Name>工作表标题</x:Name>" +
                                                       "<x:WorksheetOptions>" +
                                                           "<x:Print>" +
                                                               "<x:ValidPrinterInfo />" +
                                                           "</x:Print>" +
                                                       "</x:WorksheetOptions>" +
                                                   "</x:ExcelWorksheet>" +
                                               "</x:ExcelWorksheets>" +
                                           "</x:ExcelWorkbook>" +
                                       "</xml>" +
                                       "<![endif]-->" ;

        private const string STYLE="<style type=\"text/css\">" +
                                       ".spercent" +
                                       " {" +
                                       "   " +
                                       "   mso-number-format:0.00%;" +
                                       " }" +
                                        ".sId" +
                                       " {" +
                                       "   " +
                                       "   mso-number-format:0;" +
                                       " }" +
                                        ".sName" +
                                       " {" +
                                       "     color:red;" +
                                       " }" +
                                        ".sValue" +
                                       " {" +
                                       "   color:blue;" +
                                       "   mso-number-format:0;" +
                                       " }" +
                                       "</style>";


        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(@"C:\1.xls", true, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"), 512))
            {
                writer.WriteLine(HEADER);
                writer.WriteLine(STYLE);
                writer.WriteLine("</head><body><table border=\"1\" style=\"font-size:9pt\"><tr>");
                writer.WriteLine ("<th>ID</th>");
                writer.WriteLine ("<th>Name</th>");
                writer.WriteLine ("<th>Value</th>");
                writer.WriteLine ("<th>Percent</th>");

                for (int row = 1; row < 50; row++)
                {
                    writer.WriteLine("<tr>");
                    writer.WriteLine("<td class=\"sId\">{0}</td>", row);
                    writer.WriteLine("<td class=\"sName\">{0}</td>", Guid.NewGuid ().ToString ());
                    writer.WriteLine("<td class=\"sValue\">{0}</td>", new Random().Next());
                    writer.WriteLine("<td class=\"spercent\">{0}</td>", new Random().NextDouble());
                    writer.WriteLine("</tr>");
                }

                writer.WriteLine("</table></body>");
            }
           
        }
    }

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