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针对nginx应用场景的配置 知识整理

ziyide 2018-06-10 19:50 原文

本文为转载，原文链接

前言

原本想写整理一篇针对nginx应用场景的相应配置，但发现已经有人整理了，而且写得非常不错，特意转过来

概论

Nginx 是一款面向性能设计的 HTTP 服务器，能反向代理 HTTP，HTTPS 和邮件相关(SMTP，POP3，IMAP)的协议链接。并且提供了负载均衡以及 HTTP 缓存。它的设计充分使用异步事件模型，削减上下文调度的开销，提高服务器并发能力。采用了模块化设计，提供了丰富模块的第三方模块。

所以关于 Nginx，有这些标签：「异步」「事件」「模块化」「高性能」「高并发」「反向代理」「负载均衡」

Linux系统：Centos 7 x64 Nginx版本：1.11.5

目录

安装

安装依赖

prce(重定向支持)和openssl(https支持，如果不需要https可以不安装。)

yum install -y pcre-devel 
yum -y install gcc make gcc-c++ wget
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

CentOS 6.5 我安装的时候是选择的“基本服务器”，默认这两个包都没安装全，所以这两个都运行安装即可。

下载

nginx的所有版本在这里

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.3.tar.gz
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz

# 如果没有安装wget
# 下载已编译版本
$ yum install wget

# 解压压缩包
tar zxf nginx-1.13.3.tar.gz

编译安装

然后进入目录编译安装，configure参数说明

cd nginx-1.11.5
./configure

....
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

安装报错误的话比如：“C compiler cc is not found”，这个就是缺少编译环境，安装一下就可以了 yum -y install gcc make gcc-c++ openssl-devel

如果没有error信息，就可以执行下边的安装了：

make
make install

nginx测试

运行下面命令会出现两个结果，一般情况nginx会安装在/usr/local/nginx目录中

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
./nginx -t

# nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
# nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

设置全局nginx命令

vi ~/.bash_profile

将下面内容添加到 ~/.bash_profile 文件中

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/
export PATH

运行命令 source ~/.bash_profile 让配置立即生效。你就可以全局运行 nginx 命令了。

Mac 安装

Mac OSX 安装特别简单，首先你需要安装 Brew， 通过 brew 快速安装 nginx。

安装nginx

brew install nginx
# Updating Homebrew...
# ==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
# Updated 2 taps (homebrew/core, homebrew/cask).
# ==> Updated Formulae
# ==> Installing dependencies for nginx: openssl, pcre
# ==> Installing nginx dependency: openssl
# ==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/openssl-1.0.2o_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
# ######################################################################## 100.0%
# ==> Pouring openssl-1.0.2o_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
# ==> Caveats
# A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the SystemRoots
# keychain. To add additional certificates (e.g. the certificates added in
# the System keychain), place .pem files in
#   /usr/local/etc/openssl/certs
# 
# and run
#   /usr/local/opt/openssl/bin/c_rehash
# 
# This formula is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
# because Apple has deprecated use of OpenSSL in favor of its own TLS and crypto libraries.
# 
# If you need to have this software first in your PATH run:
#   echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
# 
# For compilers to find this software you may need to set:
#     LDFLAGS:  -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib
#     CPPFLAGS: -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include
# For pkg-config to find this software you may need to set:
#     PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/pkgconfig
# 
# ==> Summary
#

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