一、主机变量和主机组变量的演示
1、主机变量和主机组变量的基本语法和规则
请访问:https://www.cnblogs.com/itwangqiang/p/13592362.html
2、首先在/etc/ansible/下创建清单文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/ansible/inventory [test] client.example.com
3、实例一:针对特定主机定义变量
1️⃣:首先在/etc/ansible目录下创建host_vars目录(注意:目录名必须是host_vars;且与清单文件所在目录相同)
[root@localhost ansible]# mkdir host_vars [root@localhost ansible]# ls ansible.cfg hosts host_vars inventory playbook.yaml roles
2️⃣:在host_vars创建与主机同名的文件(如果主机是IP地址,则文件名必须是IP地址)
[root@localhost ansible]# cd host_vars/ [root@localhost host_vars]# vim client.example.com [root@localhost host_vars]# cat client.example.com user: lisi [root@localhost host_vars]# cat ../inventory [test] client.example.com //文件名必须与主机的名字一样
3️⃣:编写playbook文件
[root@localhost ansible]# cat playbook.yaml --- - hosts: client.example.com tasks: - name: create user user: name: "{{ user }}" create_home: no state: present
4️⃣:测试是否可执行
[root@localhost ansible]# tree /etc/ansible/ /etc/ansible/ ├── ansible.cfg ├── hosts ├── host_vars │ └── client.example.com ├── inventory ├── playbook.yaml └── roles [root@localhost ansible]# ansible-playbook -C playbook.yaml PLAY [client.example.com] ************************************************************************************************************************************************* TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [client.example.com] TASK [create user] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************** changed: [client.example.com] PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************************************** client.example.com : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 //测试成功
4、实例二:针对主机组定义变量
(接着上面的操作)
1️⃣:创建主机组清单文件
[root@localhost ansible]# cat inventory [example] client.example.com
2️⃣:在/etc/ansible文件在创建group_vars目录(注意:目录名必须是group_vars;且与清单文件所在目录相同)
[root@localhost ansible]# mkdir group_vars [root@localhost ansible]# tree /etc/ansible/ /etc/ansible/ ├── ansible.cfg ├── group_vars ├── hosts ├── inventory ├── playbook.yaml └── roles
3️⃣:在group_vars目录下创建与主机组名称相同的文件
[root@localhost ansible]# cd group_vars/ [root@localhost group_vars]# vim example [root@localhost group_vars]# cat example user: lisi
4️⃣:测试是否可执行
[root@localhost ansible]# tree /etc/ansible/ /etc/ansible/ ├── ansible.cfg ├── group_vars │ └── example ├── hosts ├── inventory ├── playbook.yaml └── roles [root@localhost ansible]# ansible-playbook -C playbook.yaml PLAY [client.example.com] ************************************************************************************************************************************************* TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [client.example.com] TASK [create user] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************** changed: [client.example.com] PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************************************** client.example.com : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 //测试成功