本节为大家介绍工作中日志分析常用命令:
1、cat(查看文件内容:带上-n参数,可以显示行号)
<注意>如果文件过大,请不要使用cat命令,影响CPU性能
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-7cdd626d3f5ab460.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
2、less(more可以分页展示内容,less支持内容查找,并且高亮显示)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-92912ee1b336a230.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
/是往下搜索,不断点击回车就会从上往下搜索
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-f94f933af27edd38.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-3b9db31a7dfce723.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
?是向上搜索,同上理
3、tail(显示文件尾:-n参数表示行数,-f参数可以让tail程序不退出,持续显示文件新增的内容)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-b0b7952e2fba9ffc.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
4、head(显示文件头:-n参数表示行数)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-cc7a7c44eb922b1b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
5、sort(排序:默认按照字符序排列,-n参数表示按照数字顺序排列,-r参数表示按照逆序排列,-k参数表示指定排序的列,-t参数表示指定列分隔符)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-fc00425b715ea608.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-47c85f9c0a9a9a35.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
6、uniq(去重:uniq的去重针对的是连续的行,所以常常与sort结合起来使用,-c参数用来在每一行前面加上出现的次数,-u参数表示展示仅出现一次的行,-d参数表示展示重复出现多次的行)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-6e414e29903761a1.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-ef10b17aa2c44887.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-dd4202f6948f7575.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
7、wc(统计字符数、字数、行数:-l参数表示统计行数,-c参数表示统计字节数,-L参数表示查看最长的行的长度,-w参数表示统计单词数)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-17156cccf4b6d24e.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-6ccf4acc57dee701.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-4ce47c4666b48dcc.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-2904196562b3e455.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
8、grep(字符串查找:-c参数表示显示查找到的行数,grep的查找支持正则表达式)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-2c100bcedc87f1c1.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-264a1cb7ca3ca4a6.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
9、find(文件查找:-name参数表示按照名称搜索,-print参数表示递归打印,find的查找支持正则表达式)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-466f6d415d671ea8.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-a3f8ee7e788cacc0.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-40b593d9768c2783.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
10、whereis(定位可执行文件的位置)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-698fac88bfff74e1.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
11、expr(表达式求值:运算符前后必须要有空格,*需要使用转义\*)
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/6759284-2091cc720a349cde.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
12、curl(访问工具:-i参数表示返回带header的文档,-I参数表示只返回header信息)
例如:curl www.baidu.com会返回页面内容
curl -i www.baidu.com会返回页面内容,带有header信息
curl -I www.baidu.com只返回header信息
13、telnet(检查端口通不通)
例如:telnet 127.0.0.1 8080(如果返回refuse相关信息表示不通)