首页 > 技术文章 > hashMap的遍历

leifengcomrade 2014-12-22 10:01 原文

java Map 遍历速度最优解

第一种:

Map map = new HashMap();

Iterator iter = map.entrySet().iterator();

while (iter.hasNext()) { Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iter.next();

Object key = entry.getKey();

Object val = entry.getValue();

}

效率高,以后一定要使用此种方式!

第二种:

Map map = new HashMap();

Iterator iter = map.keySet().iterator();

while (iter.hasNext()) { Object key = iter.next();

Object val = map.get(key);

}

效率低,以后尽量少使用!

HashMap的遍历有两种常用的方法,那就是使用keyset及entryset来进行遍历,但两者的遍历速度是有差别的,下面请看实例:

public class HashMapTest { public static void main(String[] args) ...{ HashMap hashmap = new HashMap();

for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i )

...

{ hashmap.put("" i, "thanks");

}

long bs = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis();

Iterator iterator = hashmap.keySet().iterator();

while (iterator.hasNext())

...

{

System.out.print(hashmap.get(iterator.next()));

}

System.out.println();

System.out.println(Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis() - bs);

listHashMap();

} public static void listHashMap() ...{ java.util.HashMap hashmap = new java.util.HashMap();

for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i ) ...{ hashmap.put("" i, "thanks");

} long bs = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis();

java.util.Iterator it = hashmap.entrySet().iterator();

while (it.hasNext()) ...

{

java.util.Map.Entry entry = (java.util.Map.Entry) it.next();

// entry.getKey() 返回与此项对应的键 // entry.getValue() 返回与此项对应的值 System.out.print(entry.getValue());

} System.out.println();

System.out.println(Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis() - bs);

}

}

对于keySet其实是遍历了2次,一次是转为iterator,一次就从hashmap中取出key所对于的value。而entryset只是遍历了第一次,他把key和value都放到了entry中,所以就快了。 注:Hashtable的遍历方法和以上的差不多!

 

进行实例分析一下下:

以下通过程序来简单实践一下HashMap的的遍历 如果要保持HashMap的遍历顺序和原插入顺序一致,可以使用LinkedHashMap,使用方法和HashMap一样,改一下声明即可:LinkedHashMap myMap = new LinkedHashMap();

当然需要导入:

java.util.LinkedHashMap import java.util.Collection;

import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.Map; public class MapList {

public static void main(String[] args) {

  // TODO Auto-generated method stub  

HashMap myMap = new HashMap();  

myMap.put("hello", "你好");  

myMap.put("bye", "再见");  

myMap.put("thanks", "谢谢");  

myMap.put("ok", "好的");  

System.out.println("--------------------遍历key和value----------------------");  

for(Iterator iter = myMap.entrySet().iterator();

iter.hasNext();)

{            

Map.Entry element = (Map.Entry)iter.next();           

  Object strKey = element.getKey();            

Object strObj = element.getValue();           

  System.out.println("myMap.get(\""+strKey+"\")="+strObj);   }  

System.out.println();  

System.out.println("--------------------遍历整个HashMap----------------------");  

Collection objs = myMap.entrySet();

  for (Iterator iterator=objs.iterator();

iterator.hasNext();){  

  Object obj = iterator.next();  

  System.out.println(obj);

  }  

System.out.println();

  System.out.println("--------------------遍历HashMap的key----------------------");  

Collection keys = myMap.keySet();

  for (Iterator iterator=keys.iterator();

iterator.hasNext();

)

{  

  Object key = iterator.next();

   System.out.println(key);

  }  

System.out.println();  

System.out.println("--------------------遍历HashMap的value----------------------");  

Collection values = myMap.values();   for (Iterator iterator=values.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();

)

{   

Object value = iterator.next();   

System.out.println(value);

  }

}

}

运行结果: --------------------遍历key和value---------------------- myMap.get("hello")=你好

myMap.get("thanks")=谢谢 myMap.get("ok")=好的 myMap.get("bye")

=再见

--------------------遍历整个HashMap---------------------- hello=你好 thanks=谢谢 ok=好的 bye=再见 --------------------遍历HashMap的key---------------------- hello thanks ok bye --------------------遍历HashMap的value----------------------

你好

谢谢

好的

再见

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