安装方式：源码安装

软件：apache-tomcat-7.0.29.tar.gz
下载地址：http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi

安装前提

系统必须已经安装配置了JDK6+，如果不会安装请参考linux应用之jdk安装。

安装tomcat

将apache-tomcat-7.0.29.tar.gz文件上传到/usr/local中执行以下操作：

[root@admin local]# cd /usr/local
[root@admin local]# tar -zxv -f apache-tomcat-7.0.29.tar.gz // 解压压缩包
[root@admin local]# rm -rf apache-tomcat-7.0.29.tar.gz // 删除压缩包
[root@admin local]# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.29 tomcat

启动Tomcat

执行以下操作：

[root@admin ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh   //启动tomcat
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk1.7.0/jre
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

出现以上的打印信息说明已经成功启动。

防火墙开放8080端口

增加8080端口到防火墙配置中，执行以下操作：

[root@admin ~]# vi + /etc/sysconfig/iptables
#增加以下代码
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT

重启防火墙

[root@admin java]# service iptables restart

检验Tomcat安装运行

通过以下地址查看tomcat是否运行正常（根据自己的ip）：

http://202.116.147.88:8080/

看到tomcat系统界面，恭喜，安装成功！如果看不到，可以修改tomcat的端口号（conf目录中的server.xml中），然后重启再试试。

停止Tomcat

[root@admin ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh //停止tomcat

建立自己的启动脚本/etc/init.d/tomcat

#vi /etc/init.d/tomcat

#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/tomcat

#chmod root:root /etc/init.d/tomcat

#/etc/init.d/tomcat restart (测试是否能正常工作)

测试过程中发现用

#service tomcat restart 启动时出现

Neither the JAVA_HOME nor the JRE_HOME environment variable is defined

问题。

解决办法：在脚本中找到以下行，将自己的JAVA_HOME补全即可（也可以找到tomcat的catalina.sh文件，将JAVA_HOME和JRE_HOME添加到脚本开始位置）

  #Location of JAVA_HOME (bin files)  
    export JAVA_HOME=

具体启动脚本内容如下：

#!/bin/bash  
    #  
    # chkconfig: - 95 15   
    # description: Tomcat start/stop/status script  
      
    #Location of JAVA_HOME (bin files)  
    export JAVA_HOME=  
      
    #Add Java binary files to PATH  
    export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH  
      
    #CATALINA_HOME is the location of the configuration files of this instance of Tomcat  
    CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat  
      
    #TOMCAT_USER is the default user of tomcat  
    TOMCAT_USER=www  
      
    #TOMCAT_USAGE is the message if this script is called without any options  
    TOMCAT_USAGE="Usage: $0 {\e[00;32mstart\e[00m|\e[00;31mstop\e[00m|\e[00;32mstatus\e[00m|\e[00;31mrestart\e[00m}"  
      
    #SHUTDOWN_WAIT is wait time in seconds for java proccess to stop  
    SHUTDOWN_WAIT=20  
      
    tomcat_pid() {  
            echo `ps -ef | grep $CATALINA_HOME | grep -v grep | tr -s " "|cut -d" " -f2`  
    }  
      
    start() {  
      pid=$(tomcat_pid)  
      if [ -n "$pid" ];then  
        echo -e "\e[00;31mTomcat is already running (pid: $pid)\e[00m"  
      else  
        echo -e "\e[00;32mStarting tomcat\e[00m"  
        if [ `user_exists $TOMCAT_USER` = "1" ];then  
          su $TOMCAT_USER -c $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh  
        else  
          $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh  
        fi  
        status  
      fi  
      return 0  
    }  
      
    status(){  
      pid=$(tomcat_pid)  
      if [ -n "$pid" ];then  
        echo -e "\e[00;32mTomcat is running with pid: $pid\e[00m"  
      else  
        echo -e "\e[00;31mTomcat is not running\e[00m"  
      fi  
    }  
      
    stop() {  
      pid=$(tomcat_pid)  
      if [ -n "$pid" ];then  
        echo -e "\e[00;31mStoping Tomcat\e[00m"  
            $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh  
      
        let kwait=$SHUTDOWN_WAIT  
        count=0;  
        until [ `ps -p $pid | grep -c $pid` = '0' ] || [ $count -gt $kwait ]  
        do  
          echo -n -e "\e[00;31mwaiting for processes to exit\e[00m\n";  
          sleep 1  
          let count=$count+1;  
        done  
      
        if [ $count -gt $kwait ];then  
          echo -n -e "\n\e[00;31mkilling processes which didn't stop after $SHUTDOWN_WAIT seconds\e[00m"  
          kill -9 $pid  
        fi  
      else  
        echo -e "\e[00;31mTomcat is not running\e[00m"  
      fi  
      
      return 0  
    }  
      
    user_exists(){  
      if id -u $1 >/dev/null 2>&1; then  
        echo "1"  
      else  
        echo "0"  
      fi  
    }  
      
    case $1 in  
            start)  
              start  
            ;;  
      
            stop)    
              stop  
            ;;  
      
            restart)  
              stop  
              start  
            ;;  
      
            status)  
          status  
            ;;  
      
            *)  
          echo -e $TOMCAT_USAGE  
            ;;  
    esac      
    exit 0

linux应用之tomcat安装（centos）