首页 > 技术文章 > Selenium学习笔记||三、BeautifulSoup

Lixinhang 2019-05-09 20:18 原文

一、 Beautiful Soup是啥

  Beautiful Soup是可以从html文件中提取数据的库。

  官网链接:https://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc.zh/index.html#

  可以从父子点的html获取回来,利用Beautiful Soup在本地分析

 

二、Beautiful Soup安装

  pip install beautifulsoup4

  pip install html5lib

 

三、一个简单的例子

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
html_doc = '''
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>这是个标题</title>
<a href = "http://baidu.com">
</head>
<body>
<h1>这是一个一个简单的HTML</h1>
<a href = "http://sina.com">
<p>Hello World!</p>
</body>
</html>
'''#1. 这是一段html代码,也可以从文件中读取

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup#2.引入
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc,"html5lib")#3.选择文件和html5lib
tag = soup.find('a')#4.寻找文件中的a标签
print(tag)#5.打印

结果:

 

四、find_all

1. 返回的是列表

2. 查找所有结果

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
html_doc = '''
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>这是个标题</title>
        <a href = "http://baidu.com">
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>这是一个一个简单的HTML</h1>
        <a href = "http://sina.com">
        <p>Hello World!</p>
    </body>
</html>
'''

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc,"html5lib")

tag = soup.find_all('a')
print(tag)

结果:

五、find_all可以根据属性缩小范围

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
html_doc = '''
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>这是个标题</title>
        <a href = "http://baidu.com">
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>这是一个一个简单的HTML</h1>
        <a href = "http://sina.com" id=link1>
        <p>Hello World!</p>
    </body>
</html>
'''

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc,"html5lib")

tag = soup.find_all('a',id = 'link1')#这里筛选了id为link1属性的内容
print(tag)

六、按子节点查找

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
html_doc = '''
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <div>
        <title>这是个标题</title>
        <a href = "http://baidu.com">
        </div>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
        <h1>这是一个一个简单的HTML</h1>
        <a href = "http://sina.com" id=link1>
        <p>Hello World!</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
'''

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc,"html5lib")

tag = soup.div.a#这里就是按照连续的子节点进行查找
print(tag)

 

 

七、按父节点查找

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
html_doc = '''
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <div>
        <title>这是个标题</title>
        <a href = "http://baidu.com">
        </div>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
        <h1>这是一个一个简单的HTML</h1>
        <p>Hello World!</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
'''

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc,"html5lib")

tag = soup.p.parent#这里就是查找p元素的父节点
print(tag)

 

 

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