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人生苦短我用python 初窥自动化运维之os模块

FrancisDrakeK 2018-09-10 19:35 原文

人生苦短我用python

 初窥自动化运维之os模块

 

 

#python os模块

 

os.system

执行系统命令,但是不返回结果

#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
os.system("ls")


image




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
os.system("echo $(ifconfig)>text.txt")




 


image


os.popen


执行系统命令，但是以文件的形式返回结果




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
my=os.popen("echo hello")
#print(my.read())




 


image




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
my=os.popen("echo hello")
print(my.read())




 


image


os.listdir 



返回指定目录下的文件和目录。想要列出目录内容则需要print(os.listdir(""))




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
os.listdir("")




 


os.sep


 


 


取代操作系统特定的路径分割符,用于跨平台 因为平台之间存在分隔符不同的问题所以使用sep




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
print(os.sep)




 


windos下结果 




linux下结果






#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
mypath=os.sep+"usr"+os.sep+"local"+os.sep+"bin"+os.sep
print(mypath)




 


windos下结果




linux下结果




 


os.getcwd


获取当前的工作目录




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
print(os.getcwd())




 


image


 


os.remove


删除文件




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
os.remove("whocanremoveme.bug")




 




我们在家目录下创建whocanremoveme.bug


运行




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
os.remove(os.sep+"root"+os.sep+"whocanremoveme.bug")




 




 



os.chdir


 


修改执行路径




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
print(os.getcwd())
os.chdir("/root")
print(os.getcwd())




 






os.mkdir


创建目录




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
os.mkdir(os.sep+"root"+os.sep+"mynewdir")




 








 


os.path.join


 


路径拼接(自适应平台的和os.sep)




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
# os.mkdir(os.sep+"root"+os.sep+"mynewdir")
print(os.path.join("hello","cs"))




 


windows下




linux下





os.path.isfile 


 


判断是否是文件



os.path.isdir


 


 判断是否是文件夹


 




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    : 
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
src=os.path.join(os.sep+"root","anaconda-ks.cfg")
print(src)
src2=os.path.join(os.sep+"root","mypy")
print(src2)
print(os.path.isdir(src))
print(os.path.isfile(src))
print(os.path.isdir(src2))
print(os.path.isfile(src2))




 





os.path.split


 路径切分




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    :
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
src=os.path.join(os.sep+"root","anaconda-ks.cfg")
src2=os.sep+"root"+os.sep+"mypy"+os.sep+"E.py"
print(src)
print(os.path.split(src))
print(src2)
print(os.path.split(src2))




 





os.path.dirname 


返回指定的目录




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    :
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
print(os.path.dirname("/"))




 




经常和__file__一起使用用来显示当前目录到python脚本之间位置的相对路径




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    :
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
print(os.path.dirname(__file__))




 





os.rename 


修改名称




#!/usr/bin/python36
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018-09-07 16:20
# @Author  : FrancisDrakeK
# @Site    :
# @File    : E.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import os
os.rename("text.txt","hello.txt")




 





















	

		


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