一、Lamp架构原理
二、Lamp架构软件安装
1、apache安装脚本
#！/bin/sh cd /server/tools/ yum install zlib-devel -y wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.2.34.tar.gz tar xf httpd-2.2.34.tar.gz cd httpd-2.2.34 ./configure \ --prefix=/application/apache2.2.34 \ #安装目录 --enable-deflate \ #压缩 --enable-expires \ #缓存过期时间 --enable-headers \ #http请求头 --enable-modules=most \ #激活apache大多数模块 --enable-so \ --with-mpm=worker \ #进程的一种模式 --enable-rewrite #伪静态 make && make install ln -s /application/apache2.2.34/ /application/apache /application/apache/bin/apachectl start lsof -i:80
①apache和php是以模块的形式配合，安装完apache默认安装了
[root@web03 ~]# ll /application/apache/modules/ total 34140 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9291 2017-11-09 16:36 httpd.exp -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 34945541 2017-11-10 10:08 libphp5.so
②同样apache的主配置文件里也配置了php模块
[root@web03 ~]# grep libphp5.so /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
2、MySQL安装脚本
#!/bin/bash useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql cd /server/tools tar xf mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mkdir -p /application/ mv /server/tools/mysql-5.6.34-*-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.6.34 ln -s /application/mysql-5.6.34/ /application/mysql chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/ /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data --user=mysql \cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /etc/init.d/mysqld \cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf /etc/init.d/mysqld start lsof -i:3306 echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile source /etc/profile chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on /application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'
3、PHP安装脚本
#!/bin/bash yum install -y zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libiconv-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel libcurl-devel libxslt-devel yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash mcrypt cd /server/tools/ tar zxf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.14 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv make && make install cd /server/tools/ tar xf php-5.5.32.tar.gz cd php-5.5.32 ./configure \ --prefix=/application/php5.5.32 \ --with-apxs2=/application/apache/bin/apxs \ #指定apache的/bin/apxs路径，通过apxs来增加PHP扩展模块 --with-mysql=/application/mysql/ \ #指定mysql安装路径 --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \ --with-xmlrpc \ --with-openssl \ --with-zlib \ --with-freetype-dir \ --with-gd \ --with-jpeg-dir \ --with-png-dir \ --with-iconv=/usr/local/libiconv \ --enable-short-tags \ --enable-sockets \ --enable-zend-multibyte \ --enable-soap \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-static \ --enable-gd-native-ttf \ --with-curl \ --with-xsl \ --enable-ftp \ --with-libxml-dir\ ln -s /application/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/ touch ext/phar/phar.phar make && make install ln -s /application/php-5.5.32/ /application/php
MySQL和web分离，php编译参数
./configure \ --prefix=/application/php5.5.32 \ --with-apxs2=/application/apache/bin/apxs \ --with-mysql=mysqlnd \ --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \ --with-xmlrpc \ --with-openssl \ --with-zlib \ --with-freetype-dir \ --with-gd \ --with-jpeg-dir \ --with-png-dir \ --with-iconv=/usr/local/libiconv \ --enable-short-tags \ --enable-sockets \ --enable-zend-multibyte \ --enable-soap \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-static \ --enable-gd-native-ttf \ --with-curl \ --with-xsl \ --enable-ftp \ --with-libxml-dir\
4、配置apache支持PHP只需三步
[root@web03 conf]# diff httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak 54d53 < LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so 67,68c66,67 < User www #修改默认用户 < Group www --- > User daemon > Group daemon 168c167 < DirectoryIndex index.php index.html #加入动态首页文件 --- > DirectoryIndex index.html 320,321d318 < AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml #加入支持PHP的内容 < AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
三、apache配置文件说明
1、主配置文件httpd.conf
#修改以下内容 Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf #打开注释 Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks #主页打不开时，禁止列目录（优化）
2、虚拟主机配置文件httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin 774181401@qq.com DocumentRoot "/var/html/www" ServerName www.etiantian.org ServerAlias etiantian.org ErrorLog "logs/www-error_log" CustomLog "logs/www-access_log" common </VirtualHost>
增加虚拟主机时必须加入以下内容，不然报403错误
egrep -v "#|^$" httpd.conf >httpd.conf.bak [root@web03 conf]# tail -7 httpd.conf </IfModule> <Directory "/var/html"> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory>
3、apache常用命令
/extar/htdocs（默认站点目录） /bin/apachectl -t（检查语法） /bin/apachectl graceful（平滑重启服务） /application/apache/bin/apachectl -l（查看编译的模块） strace /application/apache/bin/apachectl -M（如果检查慢的话，用strace追踪）
4、日志轮询
①日志轮询工具cronolog yum install cronolog -y 以bbs为例加入 CustomLog "|/usr/sbin/cronolog /app/logs/access_bbs_%Y%m%d.log" combined mkdir /app/logs -p /application/apache/bin/apachectl graceful ②脚本定时任切割日志思路，晚上00点 cd /application/apache/logs/ mv www-access_log www-access_$(date +%F)log /application/apache/bin/apachectl graceful
5、apache安全优化
1、编译之前改源码 2、隐藏apache版本号信息 vi /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf #去注释 vi /application/apache/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf ServerTokens Prod ServerSignature Off 3、Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks 禁止列目录（优化）