首页 > 解决方案 > 当我尝试使用朴素贝叶斯/Python进行预测时出现尺寸不匹配错误

问题描述

我创建了一个情绪脚本并使用朴素贝叶斯对评论进行分类。我训练并测试了我的模型并将其保存在 Pickle 对象中。现在我想在一个新数据集上执行我的预测,但我总是收到以下错误消息

raise ValueError('dimension mismatch') ValueError: dimension mismatch

它弹出在这一行:

preds = nb.predict(transformed_review)[0]

谁能告诉我我做错了什么?我不明白这个错误。

这是我的脚本:

sno = SnowballStemmer("german")
stopwords = [word.decode('utf-8-sig') for word in stopwords.words('german')] 

ta_review_files = glob.glob('C:/users/Documents/review?*.CSV')
review_akt_doc = max(ta_review_files, key=os.path.getctime

ta_review = pd.read_csv(review_akt_doc) 
sentiment_de_class= ta_review

x = sentiment_de_class['REV']
y = sentiment_de_class['SENTIMENT']

def text_process(text):
    nopunc = [char for char in text.decode('utf8') if char not in string.punctuation]
    nopunc = ''.join(nopunc)
    noDig = ''.join(filter(lambda x: not x.isdigit(), nopunc)) 

    ## stemming
    stemmi = u''.join(sno.stem(unicode(x)) for x in noDig)

    stop = [word for word in stemmi.split() if word.lower() not in stopwords]
    stop = ' '.join(stop)

    return [word for word in stemmi.split() if word.lower() not in stopwords]


######################
# Matrix
######################
bow_transformer = CountVectorizer(analyzer=text_process).fit(x)
x = bow_transformer.transform(x)

######################
# Train and test data
######################
x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(x,y, random_state=101)


print 'starting training ..'

######################
## first use
######################
#nb = MultinomialNB().fit(x_train,y_train)
#file = open(sentiment_MNB_path + 'sentiment_MNB_model.pickle', 'wb')
## dump information to that file
#pickle.dump(nb, file)

######################
## after train
######################
file = open(sentiment_MNB_path + 'sentiment_MNB_model.pickle', 'rb')
nb = pickle.load(file)

predis = []
######################
# Classify 
######################
cols = ['SENTIMENT_CLASSIFY']

for sentiment in sentiment_de_class['REV']:
    transformed_review = bow_transformer.transform([sentiment])
    preds = nb.predict(transformed_review)[0]  ##right here I get the error
    predis.append(preds)

df = pd.DataFrame(predis, columns=cols)

标签: pythonscikit-learnnaivebayessklearn-pandas

解决方案


您还需要保存 CountVectorizer 对象,就像保存nb.

你打电话时

CountVectorizer(analyzer=text_process).fit(x)

您正在对新数据重新训练 CountVectorizer,因此它找到的特征(词汇)将与训练时不同,因此在nb早期特征上训练的保存的会抱怨维度不匹配。

最好将它们腌制在不同的文件中,但如果您愿意,可以将它们保存在同一个文件中。

在同一个对象中腌制两者:

file = open(sentiment_MNB_path + 'sentiment_MNB_model.pickle', 'wb')
pickle.dump(bow_transformer, file)  <=== Add this
pickle.dump(nb, file)

在下一次通话中阅读两者:

file = open(sentiment_MNB_path + 'sentiment_MNB_model.pickle', 'rb')
bow_transformer = pickle.load(file)
nb = pickle.load(file)

请查看此答案以获取更多详细信息:https ://stackoverflow.com/a/15463472/3374996


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