ruby-on-rails - 在 Rails 5.2 上安装 Postgres gem 会抛出错误 - Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

Question

我正在尝试使用 Vagrant 建立一个 Rails 项目。也使用 Rails 5.2。

在我的原版bundle install中，它告诉我

Your user account isn't allowed to install to the system RubyGems.
  You can cancel this installation and run:

      bundle install --path vendor/bundle

  to install the gems into ./vendor/bundle/, or you can enter your password
  and install the bundled gems to RubyGems using sudo.

...所以我尝试了一下，得到了：

Fetching pg 1.0.0
Installing pg 1.0.0 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/pg-1.0.0/ext
/usr/local/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20180501-2212-1algyv4.rb extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/usr/local/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --enable-windows-cross
    --disable-windows-cross
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0-static/pg-1.0.0/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/pg-1.0.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0-static/pg-1.0.0/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing pg (1.0.0), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install pg -v '1.0.0'` succeeds before bundling.

查看提到的日志文件中包含以下内容：

find_executable: checking for pg_config... -------------------- no

--------------------

find_header: checking for libpq-fe.h... -------------------- no

"gcc -o conftest -I/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0/x86_64-linux -I/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0/ruby/backward -I/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0 -I.    -O3 -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-self-assign -Wunused-variable -Wimplicit-int -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wno-packed-bitfield-compat -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn conftest.c  -L. -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib -L. -fstack-protector -rdynamic -Wl,-export-dynamic     -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lruby-static  -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lcrypt -lm   -lc"
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5:   return 0;
6: }
/* end */

"gcc -E -I/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0/x86_64-linux -I/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0/ruby/backward -I/usr/local/include/ruby-2.5.0 -I.    -O3 -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-self-assign -Wunused-variable -Wimplicit-int -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wno-packed-bitfield-compat -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn  conftest.c -o conftest.i"
conftest.c:3:22: fatal error: libpq-fe.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: #include <libpq-fe.h>
/* end */

不清楚如何进行并使其正常工作。希望得到一些帮助或建议。谢谢！

编辑：

我运行sudo apt-get install libpq-dev然后得到与旧版本相关的错误。

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /tmp/bundler20180501-4263-lecb9zpg-1.0.0/gems/pg-1.0.0/ext
/usr/local/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20180501-4263-1qowxi6.rb extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... yes
Using config values from /usr/bin/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... yes
checking for PQsetSingleRowMode()... no
Your PostgreSQL is too old. Either install an older version of this gem or upgrade your database to at least PostgreSQL-9.2.
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

标签： ruby-on-railspostgresqlvagrant