首页 > 解决方案 > 需要静态模板方法的模板模板概念不满足约束

问题描述

我正在尝试Functor使用 C++ 概念来实现和其他各种类别理论概念,但出现编译错误:

http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/e8b6eb387229bddf

这是我的完整代码(我知道 requiresfmap<int, int>不会验证fmap任何两种类型,我计划将其更改为fmap<int, std::string>或其他东西以实现稍强的测试 - 或者相反,可能会更改Functor概念以便它除了F, 两个类型TU并验证 的存在fmap<T, U>,但这就是在我弄清楚如何修复我得到的错误之后):

#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

// empty Functor_Impl struct - specialize for each functor
template<template<class> class F> struct Functor_Impl {};

// std::vector Functor implementation
template<>
struct Functor_Impl<std::vector> {
    template<class T, class U>
    static std::vector<U> fmap(std::vector<T> x, std::function<U(T)> f) {
        std::vector<U> out;
        out.reserve(x.size());
        for (int i = 0; i < x.size(); i++) {
            out.push_back(f(x[i]));
        }
        return out;
    }
};

// Functor concept requires Functor_Impl<F> to have fmap
template<template<class> class F>
concept bool Functor = requires(F<int> x) {
    {Functor_Impl<F>::template fmap<int, int>(x)} -> F<int>;
};

// Test function using constraint.
template<template<class> class F, class T>
requires Functor<F>
F<T> mult_by_2(F<T> a) {
    return Functor_Impl<F>::template fmap<T, T>(a, [](T x) {
        return x * 2;
    });
}

int main() {
    std::vector<int> x = {1, 2, 3};
    std::vector<int> x2 = mult_by_2(x);
    for (int i = 0; i < x2.size(); i++) {
        std::cout << x2[i] << std::endl;
    }
}

和编译错误:

lol@foldingmachinebox:~/p/website-editor$ g++ foo.cpp -std=c++17 -fconcepts -o foo
foo.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
foo.cpp:39:38: error: cannot call function ‘F<T> mult_by_2(F<T>) [with F = std::vector; T = int]’
     std::vector<int> x2 = mult_by_2(x);
                                      ^
foo.cpp:31:6: note:   constraints not satisfied
 F<T> mult_by_2(F<T> a) {
      ^~~~~~~~~
foo.cpp:24:14: note: within ‘template<template<class> class F> concept const bool Functor<F> [with F = std::vector]’
 concept bool Functor = requires(F<int> x) {
              ^~~~~~~
foo.cpp:24:14: note:     with ‘std::vector<int> x’
foo.cpp:24:14: note: the required expression ‘Functor_Impl<F>::fmap<int, int>(x)’ would be ill-formed

我猜我的概念本身的语法是错误的 - 它将变量视为函数,反之亦然,因为我对concept语法不是很熟悉,另外一些示例代码cppreference.com无法编译在 GCC 的实现下(例如concept EqualityComparable不编译,必须改为concept bool EqualityComparable)。

如果我requires Functor<F>mult_by_2函数声明中删除,那么代码将编译并运行。

标签: c++templatesc++-conceptstemplate-templates

解决方案


问题正是错误消息所说的:Functor_Impl<F>::template fmap<int, int>(x)不是有效的表达式。Functor_Impl<std::vector>::fmap有两个参数,不是一个。


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