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c - 将 fgetc 与标准输入指针一起使用。错误处理输入

问题描述

我只想问为什么我的函数read_int不接受我的输入fgetcas int？（我认为是这种情况，因为我总是输入一个整数，但它仍然会转到int显示错误的函数。

这是我的代码（来自我的教授的 skel 代码）：

int main() {
    int the_int;
    double the_double;
    printf("Doing tests of read_int and read_double functions ...\n\n");
    printf("Please try to enter an int: ");
    the_int = read_int();
    printf("read_int succeeded.  It read a value of %d.\n", the_int);
    printf("Please try to enter a double: ");
    the_double = read_double();
    printf("read_double succeeded.  It read a value of %g.\n", the_double);
    return 0;
}

int read_int(void) {
    int f = fgetc(stdin);
    if (fgetc(stdin) != EOF) {
        printf("Sorry that is invalid.");
        exit(1);
    }
    return f;
}

标签： c

解决方案

fgetc()用于从流中读取字节，一次返回一个字符。

阅读 a int，使用scanf("%d", &f)和 阅读 a double，scanf("%lf", &d)withf和分别d定义为int f;and double d;。

还要<stdio.h>在调用它们之前包含并定义函数。

这是修改后的版本：

#include <stdio.h>

int read_int(void) {
    int f;
    if (scanf("%d", &f) != 1) {
        printf("Sorry that input is invalid.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    return f;
}

double read_double(void) {
    double d;
    if (scanf("%lf", &d) != 1) {
        printf("Sorry that input is invalid.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    return d;
}

int main(void) {
    int the_int;
    double the_double;

    printf("Doing tests of read_int and read_double functions ...\n\n");
    printf("Please try to enter an int: ");
    the_int = read_int();
    printf("read_int succeeded.  It read a value of %d.\n", the_int);
    printf("Please try to enter a double: ");
    the_double = read_double();
    printf("read_double succeeded.  It read a value of %g.\n", the_double);
    return 0;
}

如果您需要使用fgetc()读取输入流，这里有修改版本read_int并将read_double这些字节转换为实际数字：

#include <stdlib.h>

int read_int(void) {
    int c;
    int sign = 1;
    int f = 0;

    /* skip leading white space */
    while ((c = fgetc(stdin)) == ' ' || c == '\n')
        continue;

    /* handle optional sign */
    if (c == '-') {
        sign = -1;
        c = fgetc(stdin);
    } else
    if (c == '+') {
        c = fgetc(stdin);
    }

    /* convert digits */
    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
        f = c - '0';
        while ((c = fgetc(stdin)) >= '0' && c <= '9')
            f = f * 10 + c - '0';
        if (c != EOF)
            ungetc(c, stdin);
    } else {
        /* no digits: fatal error */
        if (c == EOF)
            printf("Unexpected end of file\n");
        else
            printf("Sorry that input is invalid: %c\n", c);
        exit(1);
    }
    /* apply sign and return value */
    return sign * f;
}

double read_double(void) {
    char buf[80];
    int c;
    size_t pos = 0;
    double d;
    char *p;

    /* read a line of input */
    while (pos < sizeof(buf) - 1 && (c = fgetc(stdin)) != EOF && c != '\n')
        buf[pos++] = c;
    buf[pos] = '\0';

    /* use standard library function to convert the number */
    p = buf;
    d = strtod(buf, &p);

    /* if conversion failed, report fatal error */
    if (p == buf) {
        printf("Sorry this input is invalid: %s\n", buf);
        exit(1);
    }
    return d;
}

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