首页 > 解决方案 > 点安装。仅创建 dist-info 而不是包

问题描述

我正在尝试制作一个我想在pip install .本地安装的python包。包名列在其中,pip freezeimport <package>会导致错误No module named <package>。此外,site-packages 文件夹仅包含 dist-info 文件夹。find_packages()能够找到包裹。我错过了什么?

import io
import os
import sys
from shutil import rmtree

from setuptools import find_packages, setup, Command

# Package meta-data.
NAME = '<package>'
DESCRIPTION = 'description'
URL = ''
EMAIL = 'email'
AUTHOR = 'name'

# What packages are required for this module to be executed?
REQUIRED = [
    # 'requests', 'maya', 'records',
]

# The rest you shouldn't have to touch too much :)
# ------------------------------------------------
# Except, perhaps the License and Trove Classifiers!
# If you do change the License, remember to change the Trove Classifier for that!

here = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))



# Where the magic happens:
setup(
    name=NAME,
    #version=about['__version__'],
    description=DESCRIPTION,
    # long_description=long_description,
    author=AUTHOR,
    author_email=EMAIL,
    url=URL,
    packages=find_packages(),
    # If your package is a single module, use this instead of 'packages':
    # py_modules=['mypackage'],

    # entry_points={
    #     'console_scripts': ['mycli=mymodule:cli'],
    # },
    install_requires=REQUIRED,
    include_package_data=True,
    license='MIT',
    classifiers=[
        # Trove classifiers
        # Full list: https://pypi.python.org/pypi?%3Aaction=list_classifiers
        'License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License',
        'Programming Language :: Python',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy'
    ],

)

标签: pythonpippackagesetuptoolssetup.py

解决方案


由于该问题已变得非常流行,因此以下是安装后丢失文件时要执行的诊断步骤。想象有一个具有以下结构的示例项目:

root
├── spam
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── data.txt
│   ├── eggs.py
│   └── fizz
│       ├── __init__.py
│       └── buzz.py
├── bacon.py
└── setup.py

现在我运行pip install .,检查包是否已安装:

$ pip list
Package    Version
---------- -------
mypkg      0.1    
pip        19.0.1 
setuptools 40.6.3 
wheel      0.32.3 

但在属于已安装包的文件列表中既看不到spam,也spam/eggs.py看不到,也看不到:bacon.pyspam/fizz/buzz.py

$ pip show -f mypkg
Name: mypkg
Version: 0.1
...
Files:
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/METADATA
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/RECORD
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/metadata.json
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt

那么现在该怎么办呢?

通过检查车轮制造日志进行诊断

除非被告知不要这样做,pip否则将始终尝试构建一个 wheel 文件并从中安装您的包。如果在详细模式下重新安装,我们可以检查轮子构建过程的日志。第一步是卸载包:

$ pip uninstall -y mypkg
...

然后再次安装它,但现在有一个额外的参数:

$ pip install . -vvv
...

现在,如果我检查日志:

$ pip install . -vvv | grep 'adding'
  adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/METADATA'
  adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/WHEEL'
  adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt'
  adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/RECORD'

我注意到spam目录中没有文件,也没有bacon.py在任何地方提及。这意味着它们根本没有包含在轮文件中,因此没有安装pip。最常见的错误来源是:

缺少包:检查packages参数

验证您已将packages参数传递给 setup 函数。检查您是否提到了所有应安装的软件包。如果只提到父包,子包不会被自动收集!例如,在设置脚本中

from setuptools import setup

setup(
    name='mypkg',
    version='0.1',
    packages=['spam']
)

spam将被安装,但不是spam.fizz因为它本身就是一个包,必须明确提及。修复它:

from setuptools import setup

setup(
    name='mypkg',
    version='0.1',
    packages=['spam', 'spam.fizz']
)

如果您有很多包,请使用setuptools.find_packages该过程自动化:

from setuptools import find_packages, setup

setup(
    name='mypkg',
    version='0.1',
    packages=find_packages()  # will return a list ['spam', 'spam.fizz']
)

如果您缺少模块:

缺少模块:检查py_modules​​参数

在上面的例子中,安装后我会丢失bacon.py,因为它不属于任何包。我必须在单独的参数中提供其模块名称py_modules

from setuptools import find_packages, setup

setup(
    name='mypkg',
    version='0.1',
    packages=find_packages(),
    py_modules=['bacon']
)

缺少数据文件:检查package_data参数

我现在拥有所有源代码文件,但该data.txt文件仍未安装。应通过package_data参数添加位于包目录下的数据文件。修复上述设置脚本:

from setuptools import find_packages, setup

setup(
    name='mypkg',
    version='0.1',
    packages=find_packages(),
    package_data={'spam': ['data.txt']},
    py_modules=['bacon']
)

不要试图使用这个data_files论点。将数据文件放在包下并进行配置package_data

修复安装脚本后,安装后验证包文件是否到位

如果我现在重新安装软件包,我会注意到所有文件都已添加到轮子中:

$ pip install . -vvv | grep 'adding'
  adding 'bacon.py'
  adding 'spam/__init__.py'
  adding 'spam/data.txt'
  adding 'spam/eggs.py'
  adding 'spam/fizz/__init__.py'
  adding 'spam/fizz/buzz.py'
  adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/METADATA'
  adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/WHEEL'
  adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt'
  adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/RECORD'

它们也将在属于的文件列表中可见mypkg

$ pip show -f mypkg
Name: mypkg
Version: 0.1
...
Files:
  __pycache__/bacon.cpython-36.pyc
  bacon.py
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/METADATA
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/RECORD
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
  mypkg-0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
  spam/__init__.py
  spam/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-36.pyc
  spam/__pycache__/eggs.cpython-36.pyc
  spam/data.txt
  spam/eggs.py
  spam/fizz/__init__.py
  spam/fizz/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-36.pyc
  spam/fizz/__pycache__/buzz.cpython-36.pyc
  spam/fizz/buzz.py

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