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c - 在 C 中传递结构时出现 GTK_Pointer 问题

问题描述

我在传递超出它们初始化的原始函数的结构（指针）时遇到问题。

我注意到：从最初初始化结构的函数中得到的越远（当我将结构从一个函数作为指针传递到下一个函数时），我基本上开始丢失数据（或对数据的引用）。当我尝试打印结构中的一个整数时，它会给我正确的值，然后交替进入垃圾（可能是内存位置？？），然后再次打印出该值并再次随机垃圾。

程序：在下面的程序中，我试图创建一组 5 个标签，当我按下向上或向下按钮时，我可以在其中更改文本。标签附加到事件框上，目前，这些事件框将标签的文本打印到终端上。尝试检索文本时出现分段错误。

结果是当我尝试使用结构中的数据时出现段错误（更改结构中标签的文本等）

struct Alpha{
GtkWidget *alphalbl[5]; //array of label widgets
gchar *alpha[38];       //array of characters
gint start;             //start position
gint pos;               //current position
};

void createWindow(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data){

struct Alpha alpha;     //Initialization of structure

/* Create window, layout, notebook, menu, etc*/

createList(&alpha, &layer)  //layer is a struct of fixed layouts 

}

该结构在以下功能中起作用：

void createList(gpointer structalpha, gpointer structlayers){

GtkWidget *alphaup, *alphadn;
GtkWidget *alphabox[5];

struct Layers *layer = structlayers;
struct Alpha *alphalist = (struct Alpha *)structalpha;

gchar *alphal[] = {"A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z","0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","<","[]"};

layer->fixedl = gtk_fixed_new();

for (int a = 0; a < 38; a++)                    //Add chararray to struct
    alphalist->alpha[a] = g_strdup(alphal[a]);

alphalist->start = 0;           

for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++){
    alphalist->alphalbl[i] = gtk_label_new(alphalist->alpha[i]);
    alphabox[i] = gtk_event_box_new();
    gtk_widget_set_size_request(alphabox[i], 20, 20);
    gtk_widget_set_name(GTK_WIDGET(alphabox[i]), g_strdup_printf("%d",i));
    gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(alphabox[i]), alphalist->alphalbl[i]);
    gtk_widget_set_events(alphabox[i], GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK);
    //g_signal_connect(alphabox[i], "button_press_event", G_CALLBACK(setLetter), (alphalist->alphalbl[i]));    //originally tried sending just the single label
    g_signal_connect(alphabox[i], "button_press_event", G_CALLBACK(setLetter), &alphalist);  //<--struct does not send correctly
}

alphaup = gtk_button_new_with_label("^");
gtk_widget_set_size_request(alphaup, 50, 20);
g_signal_connect(alphaup, "clicked", G_CALLBACK(alphaUp), alphalist); //<--struct does not send correctly

alphadn = gtk_button_new_with_label("v");
gtk_widget_set_size_request(alphadn, 50, 20);
g_signal_connect(alphadn, "clicked", G_CALLBACK(alphaDown), alphalist); //<--struct does not send correctly

for(int y = 0; y < 5; y++)
    gtk_fixed_put(GTK_FIXED(layer->fixedl), alphabox[y], 5, (50 + (y*15)));

}

该结构不再适用于（在 setLetter 中）。“->”仍然可以找到变量，但是当我运行代码时会出现分段错误，除非我注释掉 gtk_get_text ... 我尝试在回调中向 alphalist 添加一个“&”但没有成功。

void setLetter(GtkWidget *alphabox, gpointer alphal){

    struct Alpha *alphalist = alphal;   
    gchar *charnum;

    int num;
    charnum = (gtk_widget_get_name(alphabox));
    num = atoi(charnum);

    g_print(gtk_label_get_text(GTK_LABEL(alphalist->alphalbl[num])));
    g_free(charnum);

}

是否为结构正确分配了内存？调用 malloc() 会解决我的问题吗？如果是这样，在哪里以及如何？我试过添加它但没有成功。任何帮助将不胜感激。先感谢您。

标签： cpointersstructgtk

解决方案

好吧，我确实得到了一个可以在 main 之外运行的测试程序。我将不得不稍微修改它以适应我之前所做的。需要注意的是，在原始程序中传递结构时，我会得到编译器错误，除非使用 gpointer 完成。以前这里有一个函数类型错误。在这里它工作得很好。我还包含了该结构的构造函数。我会看看我是否可以得到原始修改和工作。谢谢...

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

struct Alpha{
     GtkWidget *label[5];
     gchar *num[10];
     gint start;
};

struct Alpha *Alpha_new(void){
     struct Alpha *p = g_malloc(sizeof *p);
}

void Alpha_delete(struct Alpha *p, gpointer data){
    g_free(p);
}

void createWindow(GtkWidget **window, struct Alpha *alpha, gint x, gint y);
void setLabel(struct Alpha *alpha, GtkWidget *button);
void printNum(struct Alpha *alpha);

void main(int argc, char** argv) {

    GtkWidget *window;

    struct Alpha *alpha;
    alpha = Alpha_new();

    gtk_init(&argc, &argv);

    createWindow(&window, alpha, 600, 400);

    gtk_widget_show_all(window);
    gtk_main();

}
void createWindow(GtkWidget **window, struct Alpha *alpha, gint x, gint y){

    GtkWidget *fixed, *label, *button;
    gchar *num[] = {"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"};

    *window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(*window), x, y);

    fixed = gtk_fixed_new();

    label = gtk_label_new("Struct Test");
    gtk_fixed_put(GTK_FIXED(fixed), label, 280, 50);

    button = gtk_button_new_with_label("TEST");
    gtk_fixed_put(GTK_FIXED(fixed), button, 280, 250);

    for(int y = 0; y < 10; y++)
        alpha->num[y] = g_strdup(num[y]);

    for(int a = 0; a < 10; a++)
        g_print(alpha->num[a]);

    g_print("----");   

    printNum(alpha);

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++){
        alpha->label[i] = gtk_label_new(alpha->num[i]);
        gtk_fixed_put(GTK_FIXED(fixed), (alpha->label[i]), 310, (100 + (15*i)));
    }

    alpha->start = 1;
    gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(*window), fixed);

    g_signal_connect_swapped(button, "clicked", G_CALLBACK(setLabel), alpha);
    g_signal_connect_swapped(*window, "destroy", G_CALLBACK(Alpha_delete), alpha);
 }

 void printNum(struct Alpha *alpha){
    for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        g_print(alpha->num[i]);
 }

 void setLabel(struct Alpha *alpha, GtkWidget *button){
     int start = alpha->start;

     for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++){
         if(i + start > 9)
             gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(alpha->label[i]), alpha->num[(i + (start-10))]);
        else
             gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(alpha->label[i]), alpha->num[(i + start)]);
    }

    (alpha->start)++;

    if(alpha->start == 10)
        alpha->start = 0;

 }

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