首页 > 解决方案 > 在 JUnit 测试中模拟日期格式(SimpleDateFormat)

问题描述

我正在尝试测试使用 DateFormat (SimpleDateFormat) 的 DAO 函数。当我尝试运行测试时,我得到:

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at java.util.Calendar.setTime(Calendar.java:1770)
    at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.format(SimpleDateFormat.java:943)
    at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.format(SimpleDateFormat.java:936)
    at java.text.DateFormat.format(DateFormat.java:345)

这指向:election.setStartDate(df.format(rs.getDate("startDate"))); 在 DAO

这是测试代码:

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class AdminDaoImplTest {

    @Mock
    Connection mockConn;
    @Mock
    PreparedStatement mockPreparedStmnt;
    @Mock
    ResultSet mockResultSet;

    @Mock
    DateFormat formatter;

    @InjectMocks
    private AdminDao adminDao = new AdminDaoImpl();

    @Mock
    private SQLConnection mockSqlConnection;

    @BeforeClass
    public static void setUpClass() throws Exception {
    }

    @AfterClass
    public static void tearDownClass() {
    }

    @Before
    public void init() throws SQLException {
        when(mockSqlConnection.getConnection()).thenReturn(mockConn);
        when(mockConn.prepareStatement(anyString())).thenReturn(mockPreparedStmnt);
        when(mockPreparedStmnt.executeQuery()).thenReturn(mockResultSet);
        when(mockResultSet.next()).thenReturn(Boolean.TRUE, Boolean.FALSE);
when(formatter.format(any())).thenReturn("'2018-11-12 00:00'");
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() {
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetElectionsNoExceptions() throws SQLException {

        ElectionListResponse electionListResponse = new ElectionListResponse();

        adminDao.getElections('>' );

        //verify and assert
        verify(mockConn, times(1)).prepareStatement(anyString());
        verify(mockPreparedStmnt, times(1)).executeQuery();
        verify(mockResultSet, times(1)).next();
        verify(mockResultSet, times(1)).getInt("id");
        verify(mockResultSet, times(1)).getString("name");
        verify(mockResultSet, times(1)).getDate("startDate");
        verify(mockResultSet, times(1)).getDate("endDate");
    }
}

这是 DAO 中的函数:

@Override
    public ElectionListResponse getElections(char selector) {
        ElectionListResponse electionListResponse = new ElectionListResponse();

        String query = NamedQueries.GET_ELECTIONS_BEGIN + selector + NamedQueries.GET_ELECTIONS_END;

        try {
            con = sqlConnection.getConnection();
            stmt = con.prepareStatement(query);
            rs = stmt.executeQuery();

            DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm");

            while (rs.next()) {
                Election election = new Election();
                election.setElectionID(rs.getInt("id"));
                election.setElectionName(rs.getString("name"));
                election.setStartDate(df.format(rs.getDate("startDate")));
                election.setEndDate(df.format(rs.getDate("endDate")));
                electionListResponse.addElection(election);
            }
            return electionListResponse;
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            LOGGER.log(Level.SEVERE, "Cant get elections. ", e);
        } finally {
            closeConnection();
        }
        return null;
    }

我尝试了一些我在网上找到的例子,但我仍然遇到同样的错误。我还读到 DateFormat 是一个最终函数,不能被模拟。那里有一些解决方法,但对我不起作用。我不确定我是否正确实施了这些解决方法。

您能否提供修复此 NullPointer 的代码?提前致谢!

标签: javaunit-testingjunitmockitosimpledateformat

解决方案


首先,我没有看到任何嘲笑 rs.getDate() 的东西,所以它会返回 null。这可能会导致SimpleDateFormat. 您可以这样解决:

// (I am using the deprecated constructor for simplicity)
java.sql.Date startDate = new java.sql.Date(2018, 6, 5);
Mockito.when(mockResultSet.getDate("startDate")).thenReturn(startDate);

结合起来when(formatter.format(any())).thenReturn("'2018-11-12 00:00'") 可能会让你摆脱异常。但是,它看起来就像您正在创建一个真实的SimpleDateFormat内部AdminDaoImpl,而您的模拟对象根本不会被使用。因此,您将不得不修改AdminDaoImpl以允许您注入SimpleDateFormat或编写您的测试,以便他们不知道AdminDaoImpl使用SimpleDateFormat.

就个人而言,我根本不会嘲笑 SimpleDateFormat。相反,我会将其视为AdminDaoImpl. 我会模拟结果集以返回日期,然后验证它是否ElectionListResponse具有预期的日期。看起来像这样:

// (I am using the deprecated constructor for simplicity)
java.sql.Date startDate = new java.sql.Date(2018, 6, 5);
Mockito.when(mockResultSet.getDate("startDate")).thenReturn(startDate);
ElectionListResponse response = adminDao.getElections('>' );
Election firstElection = response.getFirst() // Or whatever method(s) get you the first one
Assert.assertEquals("2018-06-05 00:00", firstElection.getStartDate());

这些测试确认ElectionstartDate从结果集中正确映射,但他们根本不关心AdminDaoImpl它是如何映射的。


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