python - 输入用户数据时如何更新 Matplotlib 中的绘图(通过 PyQt5 按钮)
问题描述
我一整天都在不知疲倦地处理这段代码,但似乎无法弄清楚我的逻辑在哪里出错。我希望用户能够浏览一个文件(在这里他们只需按下一个名为“浏览”的按钮),它会立即更新显示的图(这里从图中的蓝线变为红色;但最终在我的实际程序中从空白地块到填充地块,或从填充地块到不同的填充地块)。
它的灵感来自https://matplotlib.org/examples/user_interfaces/embedding_in_qt5.html中的一个示例,但我对其进行了相当多的修改,以最希望最小化和完整的方式表达我当前的问题。非常感谢您甚至看一看。
import sys
import os
import random
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Qt5Agg')
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QGridLayout, QFileDialog, QPushButton
from numpy import arange
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
class MyMplCanvas(FigureCanvas):
def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)
self.compute_initial_figure()
FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig)
self.setParent(parent)
FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)
def compute_initial_figure(self):
pass
class MyDynamicMplCanvas(MyMplCanvas):
"""A canvas that updates itself every second with a new plot."""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
MyMplCanvas.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)
#timer.timeout.connect(self.update_figure)
#timer.start(1000)
def compute_initial_figure(self):
self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 0, 4], 'b')
def update_figure(self):
print('update')
# Build a list of 4 random integers between 0 and 10 (both inclusive)
l = [random.randint(0, 10) for i in range(4)]
self.axes.cla()
if P1.df is True:
self.axes.plot(P1.df, l, 'r') #should change to red, but doesn't
else:
self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], l, 'b')
self.draw()
class P1(QtWidgets.QWidget):
df = False #datafile is originally empty
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(P1, self).__init__(parent)
layout = QGridLayout(self)
self.button_browse = QPushButton('Browse', self)
self.button_browse.clicked.connect(self.browseFile)
layout.addWidget(self.button_browse, 1, 1, 1, 1)
self.button_browse.show()
dc = MyDynamicMplCanvas(self, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
layout.addWidget(dc, 2, 1, 1, 1)
def browseFile(self): #user presses browse to load new datafile
print(P1.df)
P1.df = [0, 1, 2, 3]
print(P1.df)
#loading new datafile needs to update plot:
MyDynamicMplCanvas().update_figure()
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.WA_DeleteOnClose)
self.stack = QtWidgets.QStackedWidget(self)
P1f = P1(self)
self.stack.addWidget(P1f)
self.setCentralWidget(self.stack)
if __name__ == '__main__':
qApp = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
aw = MainWindow()
aw.show()
sys.exit(qApp.exec_())
解决方案
您有 2 个错误:
使用时,
MyDynamicMplCanvas().update_figure()
您正在创建一个MyDynamicMplCanvas()
不同于 的新对象dc = MyDynamicMplCanvas(self, width = 5, height = 4, dpi = 100)
,因此作为局部变量将被消除,从未显示过。第二个是句子
P1.df
是 True 永远不会是真的,因为P1.df
它是 False 或者是一个列表。
解决方案是使类的成员和更改if P1.df is True:
为if P1.df:
class MyDynamicMplCanvas(MyMplCanvas):
...
def update_figure(self):
print('update')
# Build a list of 4 random integers between 0 and 10 (both inclusive)
l = [random.randint(0, 10) for i in range(4)]
self.axes.cla()
if P1.df:
self.axes.plot(P1.df, l, 'r') #should change to red, but doesn't
else:
self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], l, 'b')
self.draw()
class P1(QtWidgets.QWidget):
df = False
def __init__(self, parent=None):
...
self.dc = MyDynamicMplCanvas(self, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
layout.addWidget(self.dc, 2, 1, 1, 1)
def browseFile(self): #user presses browse to load new datafile
P1.df = [0, 1, 2, 3]
#loading new datafile needs to update plot:
self.dc.update_figure()
...
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