macos - 对 macOS 系统库的符号化调用？
问题描述
我正在开发一个 macOS 应用程序，该应用程序使用 Google Crashpad 将客户崩溃报告上传回给我们。该工具生成的故障转储完全象征我们的应用程序，但不适用于系统库。
这与位于 /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports 中的崩溃文件相反，后者具有系统库的符号，但通常不用于崩溃的应用程序。
我的问题是，如何在系统库中表示函数调用？我已经可以为我自己构建的应用程序atos和 dSYM 包执行此操作。但是，我无法找到有关如何为系统库执行此操作的文档。
Crashpad 的文档不是很有启发性，因为它主要针对 Linux 和 Windows：https ://www.chromium.org/developers/decoding-crash-dumps
但是，理论上我应该能够做到这一点（毕竟，macOS 的系统崩溃服务在生成自己的报告时会这样做 - 或者，也许我只需要将一些调试信息从 Xcode SDK 传递到atos？）
这是一个示例转储，删除了对我的应用程序的引用。
Operating system: Mac OS X
10.9.5 13F1911
CPU: amd64
family 6 model 42 stepping 7
4 CPUs
GPU: UNKNOWN
Crash reason: EXC_BREAKPOINT / EXC_I386_BPT
Crash address: 0x7fff669d609d
Process uptime: 3 seconds
Thread 8 (crashed)
0 dyld + 0x109d
rax = 0x00007fff66a0adb0 rdx = 0x0000000000000000
rcx = 0x0000000000000000 rbx = 0x00007fd96a50de60
rsi = 0x0000000000000000 rdi = 0x00007fff66a0af20
rbp = 0x000000010c2ee700 rsp = 0x000000010c2ee6e8
r8 = 0x00007fff669f5b8c r9 = 0x0000000000000000
r10 = 0x00007fff669f8d26 r11 = 0x00007fff66a0af20
r12 = 0x005b327ab9000001 r13 = 0x0000000000000000
r14 = 0x00007fff66a0af20 r15 = 0x00007fd96a508d10
rip = 0x00007fff669d609d
Found by: given as instruction pointer in context
1 dyld + 0x3df6
rbp = 0x000000010c2ee720 rsp = 0x000000010c2ee710
rip = 0x00007fff669d8df6
Found by: previous frame's frame pointer
2 libdyld.dylib + 0x12dd
rbp = 0x000000010c2ee870 rsp = 0x000000010c2ee730
rip = 0x00007fff86d462dd
Found by: previous frame's frame pointer
3 0x109d90008
rbp = 0x000000010c2ee8d0 rsp = 0x000000010c2ee880
rip = 0x0000000109d90008
Found by: previous frame's frame pointer
[...]
Loaded modules:
[...]
0x7fff669d5000 - 0x7fff66a08fff dyld 0.0.0.0 (WARNING: No symbols, dyld, 1D3130FEFE7E3C4C8E74EB51895B6BA50)
0x7fff83520000 - 0x7fff83593fff SecurityFoundation 55122.3.0.0
0x7fff8362d000 - 0x7fff837e5fff libicucore.A.dylib 51.1.0.0
0x7fff837e6000 - 0x7fff8380dfff libsystem_info.dylib 449.1.4.0
0x7fff83abf000 - 0x7fff83accfff libxar.1.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff83c04000 - 0x7fff83c0bfff liblaunch.dylib 842.92.1.0
0x7fff83c0c000 - 0x7fff83cd6fff LaunchServices 572.32.0.0
0x7fff83dd2000 - 0x7fff83dd6fff libGIF.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff83e12000 - 0x7fff83e42fff libncurses.5.4.dylib 5.4.0.0
0x7fff841ae000 - 0x7fff8423efff Metadata 800.30.0.0
0x7fff842d4000 - 0x7fff842d5fff libremovefile.dylib 33.0.0.0
0x7fff84387000 - 0x7fff84475fff libJP2.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff84476000 - 0x7fff84481fff libkxld.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff844a0000 - 0x7fff844a8fff libsystem_dnssd.dylib 522.92.3.0
0x7fff846b4000 - 0x7fff846cbfff CFOpenDirectory 1.0.0.0
0x7fff84e1c000 - 0x7fff851fdfff libLAPACK.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff85bd0000 - 0x7fff85c92fff CoreText 1.0.0.0
0x7fff85c93000 - 0x7fff85ce0fff PrintCore 428.0.0.0
0x7fff85d6d000 - 0x7fff85de4fff OSServices 600.4.0.0
0x7fff85de5000 - 0x7fff85deffff ServiceManagement 1.0.0.0
0x7fff85e38000 - 0x7fff85e53fff libCRFSuite.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff85e84000 - 0x7fff85e84fff libkeymgr.dylib 28.0.0.0
0x7fff85e85000 - 0x7fff85e89fff libheimdal-asn1.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff85ea1000 - 0x7fff85ea8fff libcopyfile.dylib 103.92.1.0
0x7fff85ea9000 - 0x7fff85eb9fff libbsm.0.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff85eba000 - 0x7fff85ec1fff libsystem_pthread.dylib 53.1.4.0 (WARNING: No symbols, libsystem_pthread.dylib, AB498556B555310E9041F67EC9E00E2C0)
0x7fff85ec2000 - 0x7fff85ec2fff CoreServices 59.0.0.0
0x7fff85f20000 - 0x7fff85f27fff NetFS 1.0.0.0
0x7fff864b2000 - 0x7fff864bdfff NetAuth 1.0.0.0
0x7fff864e1000 - 0x7fff86751fff Security 55471.14.40.0
0x7fff867a4000 - 0x7fff867adfff libsystem_notify.dylib 121.20.1.0
0x7fff867d7000 - 0x7fff867dcfff libunwind.dylib 35.3.0.0
0x7fff86813000 - 0x7fff86815fff libquarantine.dylib 71.0.0.0
0x7fff86816000 - 0x7fff86827fff libsystem_asl.dylib 217.1.4.0
0x7fff86887000 - 0x7fff868abfff libxpc.dylib 300.90.2.0
0x7fff869ad000 - 0x7fff86aa7fff libFontParser.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff86ad3000 - 0x7fff86b2cfff libTIFF.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff86b69000 - 0x7fff86cbdfff AudioToolbox 492.0.0.0
0x7fff86d45000 - 0x7fff86d48fff libdyld.dylib 239.5.0.0 (WARNING: No symbols, libdyld.dylib, CAE7A50DF1563D4781C0DC41EB975D380)
0x7fff878c0000 - 0x7fff8792dfff ATS 236.0.0.0
0x7fff8794d000 - 0x7fff8794dfff vecLib 423.32.0.0
0x7fff87efb000 - 0x7fff87f40fff HIServices 468.0.0.0
0x7fff87f4c000 - 0x7fff87f56fff libcommonCrypto.dylib 60049.0.0.0
0x7fff88229000 - 0x7fff8823afff libz.1.dylib 1.2.5.0
0x7fff8841f000 - 0x7fff88421fff libsystem_configuration.dylib 596.15.0.0
0x7fff88422000 - 0x7fff88423fff libsystem_sandbox.dylib 278.11.2.0
0x7fff8842b000 - 0x7fff8842bfff ApplicationServices 48.0.0.0
0x7fff88441000 - 0x7fff88442fff TrustEvaluationAgent 25.0.0.0
0x7fff8848a000 - 0x7fff884a5fff libsystem_malloc.dylib 23.10.1.0 (WARNING: No symbols, libsystem_malloc.dylib, A695B4E438E9332EA77229D31E3F13850)
0x7fff884a9000 - 0x7fff8859afff libiconv.2.dylib 7.0.0.0
0x7fff886d0000 - 0x7fff886dcfff OpenDirectory 1.0.0.0
0x7fff88758000 - 0x7fff887a6fff libcorecrypto.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff887d2000 - 0x7fff8885bfff ColorSync 4.7.0.0
0x7fff89c2a000 - 0x7fff89c43fff Kerberos 6.0.0.0
0x7fff89c44000 - 0x7fff89c45fff liblangid.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff89ea8000 - 0x7fff89eadfff libmacho.dylib 845.0.0.0
0x7fff8a24a000 - 0x7fff8a266fff libsystem_kernel.dylib 2422.115.15.0 (WARNING: No symbols, libsystem_kernel.dylib, 34ABAF79E1473C34B05D46A566E689CC0)
0x7fff8a278000 - 0x7fff8a328fff libvMisc.dylib 423.32.0.0
0x7fff8a342000 - 0x7fff8a3a5fff SystemConfiguration 596.15.0.0
0x7fff8a425000 - 0x7fff8a42efff CommonAuth 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8a5a7000 - 0x7fff8a5d0fff libc++abi.dylib 49.1.0.0
0x7fff8a5d1000 - 0x7fff8a5edfff libresolv.9.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8a6eb000 - 0x7fff8a71afff libsystem_m.dylib 3047.16.0.0
0x7fff8a730000 - 0x7fff8a757fff libsystem_network.dylib 241.4.0.0
0x7fff8abd1000 - 0x7fff8abf5fff libJPEG.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8ad46000 - 0x7fff8b01afff vImage 271.0.0.0
0x7fff8b20b000 - 0x7fff8b294fff libsystem_c.dylib 997.90.5.0 (WARNING: No symbols, libsystem_c.dylib, 889AA3F9121C39858B1D5E908C5693BC0)
0x7fff8b4ac000 - 0x7fff8b4b0fff libsystem_stats.dylib 93.90.3.0
0x7fff8b569000 - 0x7fff8b578fff LangAnalysis 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8b579000 - 0x7fff8b579fff Accelerate 4.0.0.0
0x7fff8bca4000 - 0x7fff8bcbffff libPng.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8bccd000 - 0x7fff8bccdfff libOpenScriptingUtil.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8be35000 - 0x7fff8c75efff CoreGraphics 600.0.0.0
0x7fff8cac1000 - 0x7fff8cb08fff libFontRegistry.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8cbaf000 - 0x7fff8cbb0fff libsystem_blocks.dylib 63.0.0.0
0x7fff8d035000 - 0x7fff8d03bfff libsystem_platform.dylib 24.90.1.0
0x7fff8d03c000 - 0x7fff8d03ffff IOSurface 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8d071000 - 0x7fff8d371fff Foundation 1056.17.0.0
0x7fff8d372000 - 0x7fff8d3d6fff DataDetectorsCore 354.5.0.0
0x7fff8d4fd000 - 0x7fff8d4fffff libRadiance.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8d500000 - 0x7fff8d501fff libDiagnosticMessagesClient.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8df59000 - 0x7fff8df66fff libbz2.1.0.dylib 1.0.5.0
0x7fff8e11e000 - 0x7fff8e127fff SpeechSynthesis 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8e1df000 - 0x7fff8e2c9fff libsqlite3.dylib 158.0.0.0
0x7fff8e2ca000 - 0x7fff8e2cdfff TCC 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8e2ce000 - 0x7fff8e2cffff libSystem.B.dylib 1197.1.1.0
0x7fff8e32c000 - 0x7fff8e387fff AE 665.6.0.0
0x7fff8ea6a000 - 0x7fff8ea92fff libxslt.1.dylib 3.26.0.0
0x7fff8ea93000 - 0x7fff8eb7bfff libxml2.2.dylib 10.9.0.0
0x7fff8eb86000 - 0x7fff8ebebfff Heimdal 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8ec48000 - 0x7fff8ef32fff CarbonCore 1077.17.0.0
0x7fff8ef33000 - 0x7fff8f03afff ImageIO 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8f0c1000 - 0x7fff8f12dfff IOKit 275.0.0.0
0x7fff8f21e000 - 0x7fff8f3cbfff libobjc.A.dylib 228.0.0.0
0x7fff8f58c000 - 0x7fff8f58dfff libunc.dylib 28.0.0.0
0x7fff8f58e000 - 0x7fff8f659fff libvDSP.dylib 423.32.0.0
0x7fff8f65a000 - 0x7fff8f674fff libdispatch.dylib 339.92.1.0 (WARNING: No symbols, libdispatch.dylib, C4E4A18D3C3B3C9C8709A4270D998DE70)
0x7fff8f71f000 - 0x7fff8f771fff libc++.1.dylib 120.0.0.0
0x7fff8fca0000 - 0x7fff8fcd9fff QD 298.0.0.0
0x7fff8ff1e000 - 0x7fff8ff22fff libcache.dylib 62.0.0.0
0x7fff8ff23000 - 0x7fff8ff65fff libauto.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff8ff66000 - 0x7fff8ff6dfff libcompiler_rt.dylib 35.0.0.0
0x7fff8ff71000 - 0x7fff8ff75fff libpam.2.dylib 3.0.0.0
0x7fff902c7000 - 0x7fff90318fff CoreAudio 1.0.0.0
0x7fff90319000 - 0x7fff9031efff DiskArbitration 1.0.0.0
0x7fff903aa000 - 0x7fff90545fff CFNetwork 673.6.0.0
0x7fff90546000 - 0x7fff9056ffff DictionaryServices 1.0.0.0
0x7fff905ee000 - 0x7fff907d3fff CoreFoundation 855.17.0.0
0x7fff90833000 - 0x7fff909a1fff libBLAS.dylib 1.0.0.0
0x7fff90c01000 - 0x7fff90c48fff libcups.2.dylib 2.10.0.0
0x7fff90c49000 - 0x7fff90c78fff GSS 1.0.0.0
0x7fff90c79000 - 0x7fff90ce6fff SearchKit 200.1.0.0
解决方案
我对 Crashpad 不是很熟悉，但是通过查看报告，我想我知道发生了什么。
一般来说，您的符号化过程适用于任何库——您的或 Apple 的。你只需要指向atos一个符号源，给它加载地址+偏移量，你就很好了。dSYM 是很好的来源，但可执行文件也可以是来源。
但是，关键部分是访问与崩溃发生时加载到您的进程中的库版本相匹配的符号源。为了帮助完成此过程，Apple 平台上的二进制文件由 UUID 标识。您可以使用 读取此 uuid dwarfdump -u /path/to/binary。
一种方法是在发生崩溃的设备上尝试符号化过程。这就是 ReportCrash 的工作原理。而且，为什么它可以象征苹果的二进制文件。原因（我假设）它无法为您的应用程序工作是您从工件中删除符号。
然而，以这种方式进行符号化有一些缺点。一大问题是您通常无法访问 dSYM。dSYM 包含比地址->符号信息更多的信息。所以，如果可以的话，你肯定想使用它们。
另一种方法是事后进行符号化，仅使用报告中的数据。这样做的最大问题是您仍然需要访问符号源。根据您再次发布的报告，Crashpad 的符号系统似乎可以找到/加载dyld. 有用的是，它包含该特定二进制文件的 uuid。但是，如果您碰巧没有 10.9.5 (13F1911) 附带的 dyld 副本，那么您就不走运了。即使访问 10.9 的 macOS SDK 也是不够的，因为您需要特定的构建。
鉴于 CrashPad 对这么少的二进制文件产生了警告，它似乎至少应该尝试做一些符号化。也许需要一些额外的配置？我知道 Apple 几年前对符号查找 API 进行了一些修改（我相信是 iOS 7 时间框架），这使得设备上的符号化过程更加复杂。难道是CrashPad从那以后就没有更新了吗？
这是托管崩溃报告系统存在的原因之一。Crashlytics（我曾经从事的一项服务）为所有平台的每个 Apple OS 版本编制索引，以便它可以进行高质量的服务器端符号化来解决这个问题。还有很多其他服务。您是否考虑过托管解决方案？
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