首页 > 解决方案 > 进入 switch case 将每个变量重置为零和一些提示

问题描述

我在考试中编写了这段代码,但它有一些问题(因此我失败了)。

在通过我的板进行调试时(我有一个 atmel atmega328p Xplained mini),我不知道为什么,但是在进入主开关以及在开关(currentstatus)检查大小写之间:我所有的状态变量都重置为零。如果我通过模拟器调试它似乎工作正常。

如果我将代码上传到板上,它会工作很糟糕,就像它无法识别某些中断一样。

另外我想问你另一件事。我在考试中使用了一个子板,它阻止访问 PWM 输出的正确引脚,而且我必须驱动特定的输出(我的子板的 LED,例如在这段代码中,我必须驱动 PORTC5 和 PORTC4),所以我必须手动实现 PWM 。我尝试实现您可以在代码中看到的解决方案(我使用的是 1ms 的计时器)。有没有更简单、更智能的解决方案?

你能帮助我吗?

#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>

typedef enum{checkled, heatingup, exposure, stop} machine;
machine currentstate=checkled;

typedef enum{twenty, fourty, sixty, eighty} brightness;
brightness light=twenty;

typedef enum{twoseconds, fourseconds, eightseconds, sixteenseconds} exposuretime;
exposuretime time=twoseconds;

volatile uint16_t tick=0;
volatile uint16_t oldtick=0;

volatile uint8_t flagchanged=0;

ISR(PCINT2_vect)
{
    if((PIND&(1<<PIND2))==0)
    {
        if(currentstate==checkled)
            currentstate=heatingup;
    }

    if((PIND&(1<<PIND3))==0)
    {
        if(currentstate==exposure || currentstate==heatingup)
        {
            currentstate=stop;
            PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
            tick=0;
        }
    }

    if((PIND&(1<<PIND4))==0)
    {
        if(currentstate==checkled)
        {
            flagchanged=1;

            if(time==sixteenseconds)//rise time
                ;
            else if(time==eightseconds)
                time=sixteenseconds;
            else if(time==fourseconds)
                time=eightseconds;
            else if(time==twoseconds)
                time=fourseconds;
        }
    }

    if((PIND&(1<<PIND5))==0)
    {
        if(currentstate==checkled)
        {
            flagchanged=1;

            if(time==sixteenseconds)//decrease time
                time=eightseconds;
            else if(time==eightseconds)
                time=fourseconds;
            else if(time==fourseconds)
                time=twoseconds;
            else if(time==twoseconds)
                ;
        }
    }

    if((PIND&(1<<PIND6))==0)
    {
        if(currentstate==checkled)
        {
            flagchanged=1;

            if(light==eighty)//rise brightness
                ;
            else if(light==sixty)
                light=eighty;
            else if(light==fourty)
                light=sixty;
            else if(light==twenty)
                light=fourty;
        }
    }

    if((PIND&(1<<PIND7))==0)
    {
        if(currentstate==checkled)
        {
            flagchanged=1;

            if(light==eighty)//decrease brightness
                light=sixty;
            else if(light==sixty)
                light=fourty;
            else if(light==fourty)
                light=twenty;
            else if(light==twenty)
                ;
        }
    }

}

ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect)
{
    tick++;
}

int main(void)
{
    //DDRs
    DDRD&=~((1<<PIND2)|(1<<PIND3)|(1<<PIND4)|(1<<PIND5)|(1<<PIND6)|(1<<PIND7));//input
    PORTD|=(1<<PORTD2)|(1<<PORTD3)|(1<<PORTD4)|(1<<PORTD5)|(1<<PORTD6)|(1<<PORTD7);//pull-up resistors

    DDRC|=(1<<PORTC0)|(1<<PORTC1)|(1<<PORTC2)|(1<<PORTC3)|(1<<PORTC4)|(1<<PORTC5);//output

    //PCINTERRUPT
    PCICR|=(1<<PCIE2);
    PCMSK2|=(1<<PCINT18)|(1<<PCINT19)|(1<<PCINT20)|(1<<PCINT21)|(1<<PCINT22)|(1<<PCINT23);

    //TIMER
    TCCR0A|=(1<<WGM01);
    TIMSK0|=(1<<OCIE0A);
    OCR0A=15;//((clockfrequency/prescaler)*time)-1 - 1millisecond
    TCCR0B|=(1<<CS02)|(1<<CS00);

    sei();

    volatile uint8_t counter=0;
    volatile uint16_t check=0;

    while(1)
    {
        switch (currentstate)//FORM HERE
        {
            case checkled://TO HERE every variable is reset to ZERO
                if(flagchanged!=0)
                {


                    if(light==twenty)//led intesita
                    {
                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC0);
                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC1);
                    }
                    else if(light==fourty)
                    {
                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC0);
                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC1);
                    }
                    else if(light==sixty)
                    {
                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC0);
                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC1);
                    }
                    else if(light==eighty)
                    {
                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC0);
                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC1);
                    }


                    if(time==twoseconds)//led time
                    {
                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC2);
                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC3);
                    }
                    else if(time==fourseconds)
                    {
                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC2);
                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC3);
                    }
                    else if(time==eightseconds)
                    {
                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC2);
                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC3);
                    }
                    else if(time==sixteenseconds)
                    {
                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC2);
                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC3);
                    }

                    flagchanged=0;
                }
            break;

            case heatingup:
                if(tick<=3000)
                {
                    if(tick!=oldtick)
                    {
                        oldtick=tick;

                        if((tick%500)==0)//duty cycle al 50%
                            PORTC^=(1<<PORTC5);

                        if((tick%5)==0)//5% duty cycle
                        {

                            if(counter<=94)//per il 95% del periodo sta spento
                            {
                                PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                            }
                            else if(counter>=95 && counter<=101)//per il 5% del periodo sta acceso
                            {

                                if(counter==101)
                                {
                                    PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                                    counter=0;
                                }
                                else
                                PORTC|=(1<<PORTC4);

                            }

                            counter++;
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    currentstate=exposure;
                    counter=0;
                    tick=0;

                    PORTC|=(1<<PORTC5);

                    //checking time of how much the lamp needs to be light up
                    switch (time)
                    {
                        case twoseconds:
                            check=2000;
                        break;

                        case fourseconds:
                            check=4000;
                        break;

                        case eightseconds:
                            check=8000;
                        break;

                        case sixteenseconds:
                            check=16000;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                break;

            case exposure:
                if(tick<=check)
                {
                    switch (light)//Checking duty cycle
                    {
                        case twenty://20% duty cycle
                            if(tick!=oldtick)
                            {
                                if((tick%20)==0)
                                {

                                    if(counter<=4)//80% off
                                    {
                                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                                    }
                                    else if(counter>=5 && counter<=6)//20% on
                                    {
                                        if(counter==6)
                                        {
                                            PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                                            counter=0;
                                        }
                                        else
                                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC4);

                                    }

                                    counter++;
                                }
                            }
                        break;

                        case fourty://40% duty cycle
                            if(tick!=oldtick)
                            {
                                if((tick%20)==0)
                                {

                                    if(counter<=3)//60% off
                                    {
                                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                                    }
                                    else if(counter>=4 && counter<=6)//40% on
                                    {
                                        if(counter==6)
                                        {
                                            PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                                            counter=0;
                                        }
                                        else
                                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC4);

                                    }

                                    counter++;
                                }
                            }
                        break;

                        case sixty://60% duty cycle
                            if(tick!=oldtick)
                            {
                                if((tick%20)==0)
                                {

                                    if(counter<=2)//40% off
                                    {
                                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                                    }
                                    else if(counter>=3 && counter<=6)//60% on
                                    {
                                        if(counter==6)
                                        {
                                            PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                                            counter=0;
                                        }
                                        else
                                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC4);

                                    }

                                    counter++;
                                }
                            }
                        break;

                        case eighty://80% duty cycle
                            if(tick!=oldtick)
                            {
                                if((tick%20)==0)
                                {

                                    if(counter<=1)//20% off
                                    {
                                        PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                                    }
                                    else if(counter>=2 && counter<=6)//80% on
                                    {
                                        if(counter==6)
                                        {
                                            PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                                            counter=0;
                                        }
                                        else
                                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC4);

                                    }

                                    counter++;
                                }
                            }
                        break;

                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC4);
                    PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC5);
                    currentstate=checkled;
                    flagchanged=1;
                }

            break;

            case stop://Emergency stop
                if(tick<=2000)
                {
                    if(tick!=oldtick)
                    {
                        oldtick=tick;
                        if((tick%250)==0)
                        PORTC|=(1<<PORTC5);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    PORTC&=~(1<<PORTC5);
                    flagchanged=1;
                    currentstate=checkled;
                }
            break;
        }
    }
}

标签: cavravr-gccatmelstudio

解决方案


在主代码中,您启用了定时器 0 的输出比较中断

TIMSK0|=(1<<OCIE0A);

但是您没有此向量的中断处理程序(您有 TIMER1_COMPA_vect - 用于计时器 1)。

因此,当定时器中断发生时,它由默认向量处理,它只是将控制重定向到复位向量,这会导致应用程序从头开始,包括变量初始化,这会导致您观察到的所有意外行为。

因此,解决方案很简单:要么禁用 OCIE0A,要么为此中断创建一个处理程序。


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