perl - Perl XML::LibXML XPath 2.0 到 XPath 1.0
问题描述
我有以下 XPath 在 XPath 2.0 中运行良好（在 OxygenXML 中测试）：
//h2[a[@id='start']]/following-sibling::*[not(preceding-sibling::*[self::div[@id='end']])]
但是当我将它与 LibXML findnodes() 一起使用时，我得到了不同的结果：
my @nodes = $source_doc->findnodes('//h2[a[@id="start"]]/following-sibling::*[not(preceding-sibling::*[self::div[@id="end"]])]');
检查 LibXML文档后，似乎 LibXML 仅支持 XPath 1.0。我将如何将我的 XPath 更改为适用于 XPath 1.0 的东西？甚至可以在 XPath 1.0 中创建这样的兼容路径吗？
由于我被要求提供，我正在更新帖子以包含我的示例数据和我在运行上面输入的 XPath 时得到的输出：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="insn.css" />
<meta name="generator" content="encodingindex.xsl" />
<title>Index by Encoding</title>
</head>
<body><hr /><h1 class="topleveltable"><a name="top" id="top"></a>Top-level encodings</h1><div
class="regdiagram-32"></div><hr /><h2><a name="dp" id="start"></a>Data-processing and
miscellaneous instructions</h2><div class="decode_navigation">
<p>These instructions are under the <a href="#top">top-level</a>.</p>
</div><div class="regdiagram-32">
<table class="regdiagram">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>31</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="firstrow">
<td colspan="4" class="lr">!= 1111</td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr">00</td>
<td class="lr">op0</td>
<td colspan="5" class="lr">op1</td>
<td colspan="12" class="lr"></td>
<td class="lr">op2</td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr">op3</td>
<td class="lr">op4</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><div class="instructiontable">
<table class="instructiontable">
<tr>
<th colspan="5">Decode fields</th>
<th rowspan="2"> Instruction details </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="bitfields">op0</th>
<th class="bitfields">op1</th>
<th class="bitfields">op2</th>
<th class="bitfields">op3</th>
<th class="bitfields">op4</th>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 0 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 1 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> != 00 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 1 </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="#xldst">Extra load/store</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 0 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 0xxxx </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 1 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 00 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 1 </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="#mul_word">Multiply and Accumulate</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><hr /><h2><a name="sync" id="sync"></a>Synchronization primitives and
Load-Acquire/Store-Release</h2><div class="decode_navigation">
<p>These instructions are under <a href="#dp">Data-processing and miscellaneous
instructions</a>.</p>
</div><div class="regdiagram-32">
<table class="regdiagram">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>31</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="firstrow">
<td colspan="4" class="lr">!= 1111</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr">0001</td>
<td class="lr">op0</td>
<td colspan="11" class="lr"></td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr">11</td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr"></td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr">1001</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><hr /><hr /><h2><a name="dpmisc" id="dpmisc"></a>Miscellaneous</h2><div
class="decode_navigation">
<p>These instructions are under <a href="#dp">Data-processing and miscellaneous
instructions</a>.</p>
</div><div class="regdiagram-32">
<table class="regdiagram">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>31</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="firstrow">
<td colspan="4" class="lr">!= 1111</td>
<td colspan="5" class="lr">00010</td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr">op0</td>
<td colspan="1" class="lr">0</td>
<td colspan="12" class="lr"></td>
<td colspan="1" class="lr">0</td>
<td colspan="3" class="lr">op1</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><div class="instructiontable">
<table class="instructiontable">
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Decode fields</th>
<th rowspan="2"> Instruction details </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="bitfields">op0</th>
<th class="bitfields">op1</th>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 01 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 010 </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="bxj.html">BXJ</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 01 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 011 </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="blx_r.html">BLX (register)</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="decode_navigation">
<p>These instructions are under <a href="#dp">Data-processing and miscellaneous
instructions</a>.</p>
</div><div class="regdiagram-32">
<table class="regdiagram">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>31</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="firstrow">
<td colspan="4" class="lr">!= 1111</td>
<td colspan="3" class="lr">000</td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr">op0</td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr"></td>
<td class="lr">op1</td>
<td colspan="15" class="lr"></td>
<td colspan="1" class="lr">0</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><div class="decode_constraints">
<p> The following constraints also apply to this encoding: op0:op1 != 100 </p>
</div><div class="instructiontable">
<table class="instructiontable">
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Decode fields</th>
<th rowspan="2"> Instruction details </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="bitfields">op0</th>
<th class="bitfields">op1</th>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 0x </td>
<td class="bitfield"> </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="#intdp3reg_immsh">Integer Data Processing (three register,
immediate shift)</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 10 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 1 </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="#intdp2reg_immsh">Integer Test and Compare (two register,
immediate shift)</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 11 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="#logic3reg_immsh">Logical Arithmetic (three register,
immediate shift)</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><hr /><div class="iclass" id="intdp3reg_immsh">
<a name="intdp3reg_immsh" id="intdp3reg_immsh"></a>
<h3 class="iclass">Integer Data Processing (three register, immediate shift)</h3>
<p>These instructions are under <a href="#dpregis">Data-processing register (immediate
shift)</a>.</p>
<div class="regdiagram-32">
<table class="regdiagram">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>31</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="firstrow">
<td colspan="4" class="lr">!= 1111</td>
<td class="l">0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td class="r">0</td>
<td colspan="3" class="lr">opc</td>
<td class="lr">S</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr">Rn</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr">Rd</td>
<td colspan="5" class="lr">imm5</td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr">type</td>
<td class="lr">0</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr">Rm</td>
</tr>
<tr class="secondrow">
<td colspan="4" class="droppedname">cond</td>
<td colspan="4"></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="4"></td>
<td colspan="4"></td>
<td colspan="5"></td>
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="decode_constraints">
<p> The following constraints also apply to this encoding: cond != 1111 && cond !=
1111 </p>
</div>
<div class="instructiontable">
<table class="instructiontable" id="intdp3reg_immsh">
<thead class="instructiontable">
<tr>
<th class="bitfields-heading" rowspan="" colspan="3">Decode fields</th>
<th class="iformname" rowspan="2" colspan=""> Instruction Details </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="bitfields" rowspan="" colspan="">opc</th>
<th class="bitfields" rowspan="" colspan="">S</th>
<th class="bitfields" rowspan="" colspan="">Rn</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="bitfield">000</td>
<td class="bitfield"></td>
<td class="bitfield"></td>
<td class="iformname"><a name="AND_r" href="and_r.html" id="AND_r">AND, ANDS
(register)</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bitfield">001</td>
<td class="bitfield"></td>
<td class="bitfield"></td>
<td class="iformname"><a name="EOR_r" href="eor_r.html" id="EOR_r">EOR, EORS
(register)</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div><div class="decode_constraints">
<p> The following constraints also apply to this encoding: op0:op1 != 100 </p>
</div><div class="instructiontable">
<table class="instructiontable">
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Decode fields</th>
<th rowspan="2"> Instruction details </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="bitfields">op0</th>
<th class="bitfields">op1</th>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 0x </td>
<td class="bitfield"> </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="#intdp3reg_regsh">Integer Data Processing (three register,
register shift)</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 10 </td>
<td class="bitfield"> 1 </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="#intdp2reg_regsh">Integer Test and Compare (two register,
register shift)</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><hr /><h2><a name="dpimm" id="dpimm"></a>Data-processing immediate</h2><div
class="decode_navigation">
<p>These instructions are under <a href="#dp">Data-processing and miscellaneous
instructions</a>.</p>
</div><div class="regdiagram-32">
<table class="regdiagram">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>31</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="firstrow">
<td colspan="4" class="lr">!= 1111</td>
<td colspan="3" class="lr">001</td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr">op0</td>
<td colspan="1" class="lr"></td>
<td colspan="2" class="lr">op1</td>
<td colspan="20" class="lr"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><div class="instructiontable">
<table class="instructiontable">
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Decode fields</th>
<th rowspan="2"> Instruction details </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="bitfields">op0</th>
<th class="bitfields">op1</th>
</tr>
<tr class="instructiontable">
<td class="bitfield"> 0x </td>
<td class="bitfield"> </td>
<td class="iformname"><a href="#intdp2reg_imm">Integer Data Processing (two register and
immediate)</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><hr /><div class="iclass" id="intdp2reg_imm">
<a name="intdp2reg_imm" id="intdp2reg_imm"></a>
</div><div class="iclass" id="end">
<a name="ldstimm" id="ldstimm"></a>
<h3 class="iclass">Load/Store Word, Unsigned Byte (immediate, literal)</h3>
<div class="regdiagram-32">
<table class="regdiagram">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>31</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="firstrow">
<td colspan="4" class="lr">!= 1111</td>
<td class="l">0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td class="r">0</td>
<td class="lr">P</td>
<td class="lr">U</td>
<td class="lr">o2</td>
<td class="lr">W</td>
<td class="lr">o1</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr">Rn</td>
<td colspan="4" class="lr">Rt</td>
<td colspan="12" class="lr">imm12</td>
</tr>
<tr class="secondrow">
<td colspan="4" class="droppedname">cond</td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="4"></td>
<td colspan="4"></td>
<td colspan="12"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="decode_constraints">
<p> The following constraints also apply to this encoding: cond != 1111 && cond !=
1111 </p>
</div>
<div class="instructiontable">
<table class="instructiontable" id="ldstimm">
<thead class="instructiontable">
<tr>
<th class="bitfields-heading" rowspan="" colspan="4">Decode fields</th>
<th class="iformname" rowspan="2" colspan=""> Instruction Details </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="bitfields" rowspan="" colspan="">P:W</th>
<th class="bitfields" rowspan="" colspan="">o2</th>
<th class="bitfields" rowspan="" colspan="">o1</th>
<th class="bitfields" rowspan="" colspan="">Rn</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="bitfield">!= 01</td>
<td class="bitfield">0</td>
<td class="bitfield">1</td>
<td class="bitfield">1111</td>
<td class="iformname"><a name="LDR_l" href="ldr_l.html" id="LDR_l">LDR
(literal)</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bitfield">!= 01</td>
<td class="bitfield">1</td>
<td class="bitfield">1</td>
<td class="bitfield">1111</td>
<td class="iformname"><a name="LDRB_l" href="ldrb_l.html" id="LDRB_l">LDRB
(literal)</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div></body>
</html>
这是使用上面给出的 XPath 的输出：
<div class="decode_navigation">
<p>These instructions are under the <a href="#top">top-level</a>.</p>
</div>
澄清一下，输出应该包括示例 HTML 中的所有div，总共大约 400 行。
我还尝试了下面给出的 XPath 建议，但它们产生了相同的结果。
编辑：这是我的代码：
use strict;
use warnings;
use feature 'say';
use XML::LibXML;
my $encoding_index_file = q(C:\path\to\testfile.html);
my $source_doc = XML::LibXML->load_html(
location => $encoding_index_file,
recover => 1,
suppress_errors => 1,
);
my ($node) = $source_doc->findnodes('//h2[a[@id="start"]]/following-sibling::*[not(preceding-sibling::div[@id="end"])]');
say $node->toString;
解决方案
XPath 不仅符合 XPath 1.0，而且在 XML::LibXML 中也能正常工作。
use strict;
use warnings qw( all );
use feature qw( say );
use XML::LibXML qw( );
my $doc = XML::LibXML->new->parse_html_string(<<'__EOS__');
<html>
<h2><a id="start">Foo</a></h2>
<div id="pre1"><img></div>
<div id="pre2"><img></div>
<div id="end"><img></div>
<div id="post1"><img></div>
<div id="post2"><img></div>
</html>
__EOS__
# Select all the siblings of the starting h2 element that follow
# it and don't have <div id="end"/> as a preceding sibling.
for my $node ($doc->findnodes('//h2[a[@id="start"]]/following-sibling::*[not(preceding-sibling::*[self::div[@id="end"]])]')) {
my $name = $node->nodeName;
my $id = $node->getAttribute('id');
say $id ? sprintf("%s#%s", $name, $id) : $name;
}
输出：
div#pre1
div#pre2
div#end
顺便一提，
//h2[a[@id="start"]]/following-sibling::*[not(preceding-sibling::*[self::div[@id="end"]])]
是一种奇怪的写作方式
//h2[a[@id="start"]]/following-sibling::*[not(preceding-sibling::div[@id="end"])]
也许你想要
//h2[a[@id="start"]]/following-sibling::*[not(self::div[@id="end"] or preceding-sibling::div[@id="end"])]
这将产生以下输出：
div#pre1
div#pre2
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