windows - Pickled Matplotlib 3D 缺乏交互功能

Question

在 Windows 上，当我使用 pickle 模块保存 3D matplotlib 曲面图并重新加载它们时，这些图缺少任何交互功能，例如能够旋转图或放大图。但是，如果我保存并重新加载 2D 腌制 matplotlib 图，我仍然能够与图进行交互，至少使用缩放工具。以下代码重新创建了成功的 2D 绘图案例。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pickle


xs = np.linspace(0, 4*np.pi, 100)
ys = np.sin(xs)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(xs, ys)

with open("plot.pickle", 'wb') as file:
    pickle.dump(fig, file)

plt.show()

plt.close(fig)

with open("plot.pickle", 'rb') as file:
    fig = pickle.load(file)

plt.show()

以下代码是一个重现 3D 绘图问题的小示例。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np
import pickle


xs = np.linspace(0, 1, 100)
ys = np.linspace(0, 4*np.pi, 100)
zs = np.zeros((100, 100))

for i, amp in enumerate(xs):
    for j, phase in enumerate(ys):
        zs[j, i] = amp*np.sin(phase)

xs, ys = np.meshgrid(xs, ys)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw={'projection': '3d'})
ax.plot_surface(xs, ys, zs)

with open("plot.pickle", 'wb') as file:
    pickle.dump(fig, file)

plt.close(fig)

with open("plot.pickle", 'rb') as file:
    fig = pickle.load(file)

plt.show()

我可以进行哪些更改以使我的 3D 腌制图具有交互式旋转和缩放功能？如果 3D 腌制图无法实现此类功能，它们是否有任何替代方法来保存（不必最初在窗口中显示图）和重新加载交互式 3D matplotlib 曲面图？

标签： windowspython-3.xmatplotlibpickle

Answer 1

我找到的不是解决方案，而是解决方法。解决方法是将绘制 r= 图形所需的所有数据以及在 pickle 文件中绘制它的函数保存。

为此，我需要使用dill而不是picke，正如@JoshRosen 在他对Is there an easy way to pickle a python function (or else serialize its code)的回答中所建议的那样？

创建泡菜：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np
import dill as pickle


def plotfun(plotdata):
    ax = plt.gca()
    ax.plot_surface(plotdata['xs'], plotdata['ys'], plotdata['zs'])


xs = np.linspace(0, 1, 100)
ys = np.linspace(0, 4*np.pi, 100)
zs = np.zeros((100, 100))
for j, phase in enumerate(ys):
    zs[j, :] = xs*np.sin(phase)
xs, ys = np.meshgrid(xs, ys)

fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw={'projection': '3d'})
plotdata = {'xs': xs, 'ys': ys, 'zs': zs, 'plotfun': plotfun}
plotdata['plotfun'](plotdata)
with open("test.pickle", 'wb') as file:
    pickle.dump(plotdata, file)

加载泡菜

import dill as pickle
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


plt.figure().add_subplot(111, projection='3d'),
plotdata = pickle.load(open('test.pickle', 'rb'))
plotdata['plotfun'](plotdata)
plt.show()