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javascript - Ajax 不刷新联系表单（PHP 和 Bootstrap 4）

问题描述

我在另一个网站上有这个确切的代码，它可以完美地工作，但由于某种原因在这个网站上它不会工作。它发送电子邮件，但刷新页面并将其转发到带有消息的contact.php。

我已经阅读了所有我能找到的东西。我已经查看了代码，没有什么不同。我什至将 html 按钮类型从 更改submit为button. 没有任何工作。我尝试的最后一件事是将代码从工作网站复制并粘贴到该网站，但它仍然刷新页面。

ajax 代码是在 jquery 之后加载的。

html (index.html):

<form id="contact-form" method="post" action="contact.php" role="form">

  <div class="messages">
  </div>

  <div class="controls">

    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-md-6">
        <div class="form-group">
          <label for="form_name">First Name *</label>
          <input id="form_name" type="text" name="name" class="form-control" required="required"
          <div class="help-block with-errors">
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="col-md-6">
        <div class="form-group">
          <label for="form_lastname">Last Name *</label>
          <input id="form_lastname" type="text" name="surname" class="form-control" required="required"
                                   data-error="Lastname is required.">
          <div class="help-block with-errors">
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-6">
      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="form_email">Email *</label>
        <input id="form_email" type="email" name="email" class="form-control" required="required"
                                   data-error="Valid email is required.">
        <div class="help-block with-errors">
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-6">
      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="form_phone">Phone</label>
        <input id="form_phone" type="tel" name="phone" class="form-control">
        <div class="help-block with-errors">
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-12">
      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="form_message">Message *</label>
        <textarea id="form_message" name="message" class="form-control" rows="4" required="required"
                                      data-error="Please,leave us a message."></textarea>
          <div class="help-block with-errors">
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="col-md-12">
        <input type="submit" class="btn  btn-send" value="Send message">
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

</form>

php (contact.php)

<?php
/*
 *  CONFIGURE EVERYTHING HERE
 */

// an email address that will be in the From field of the email.
$from = 'Demo contact form <info@testing.com>';

// an email address that will receive the email with the output of the form
$sendTo = 'Demo contact form <info@testing.com>';

// subject of the email
$subject = 'New message from contact form';

// form field names and their translations.
// array variable name => Text to appear in the email
$fields = array('name' => 'Name', 'surname' => 'Surname', 'phone' => 'Phone', 'email' => 'Email', 'message' => 'Message');

// message that will be displayed when everything is OK :)
$okMessage = 'Contact form successfully submitted. Thank you, I will get back to you soon!';

// If something goes wrong, we will display this message.
$errorMessage = 'There was an error while submitting the form. Please try again later';

/*
 *  LET'S DO THE SENDING
 */

// if you are not debugging and don't need error reporting, turn this off by error_reporting(0);
error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE);

try
{

    if(count($_POST) == 0) throw new \Exception('Form is empty');

    $emailText = "You have a new message from your contact form\n=============================\n";

    foreach ($_POST as $key => $value) {
        // If the field exists in the $fields array, include it in the email
        if (isset($fields[$key])) {
            $emailText .= "$fields[$key]: $value\n";
        }
    }

    // All the neccessary headers for the email.
    $headers = array('Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8";',
        'From: ' . $from,
        'Reply-To: ' . $from,
        'Return-Path: ' . $from,
    );

    // Send email
    mail($sendTo, $subject, $emailText, implode("\n", $headers));

    $responseArray = array('type' => 'success', 'message' => $okMessage);
}
catch (\Exception $e)
{
    $responseArray = array('type' => 'danger', 'message' => $errorMessage);
}


// if requested by AJAX request return JSON response
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH']) && strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH']) == 'xmlhttprequest') {
    $encoded = json_encode($responseArray);

    header('Content-Type: application/json');

    echo $encoded;
}
// else just display the message
else {
    echo $responseArray['message'];
}
?>

ajax (contact.js)

$(function () {

$('#contact-form').validator();


// when the form is submitted
$('#contact-form').on('submit', function (e) {

    // if the validator does not prevent form submit
    if (!e.isDefaultPrevented()) {
        var url = "contact.php";

        // POST values in the background the the script URL
        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: url,
            data: $(this).serialize(),
            success: function (data)
            {
                // data = JSON object that contact.php returns

                // we recieve the type of the message: success x danger and apply it to the
                var messageAlert = 'alert-' + data.type;
                var messageText = data.message;

                // let's compose Bootstrap alert box HTML
                var alertBox = '<div class="alert ' + messageAlert + ' alert-dismissable"><button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-hidden="true">&times;</button>' + messageText + '</div>';

                // If we have messageAlert and messageText
                if (messageAlert && messageText) {
                    // inject the alert to .messages div in our form
                    $('#contact-form').find('.messages').html(alertBox);
                    // empty the form
                    $('#contact-form')[0].reset();
                }
            }
        });
        return false;
    }
  })
});

我的 javascript 文件按以下顺序排列：

<script src="js/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js"></script>

<script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"
        integrity="sha384-uefMccjFJAIv6A+rW+L4AHf99KvxDjWSu1z9VI8SKNVmz4sk7buKt/6v9KI65qnm"
        crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./js/mdb.min.js"></script>
<!--validator-->
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/1000hz-bootstrap-validator/0.11.9/validator.min.js"></script>
<!--contact.js-->
<script src="contact.js"></script>

标签： javascriptphpajaxbootstrap-4contact-form

解决方案

取出这些变化：

联系方式.php

// if requested by AJAX request return JSON response
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH']) && strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH']) == 'xmlhttprequest') {
    $encoded = json_encode($responseArray);
    header('Content-Type:application/json');
    echo $encoded;
    exit();
}

在回显您的 json 编码数组后，重要的是您exit()的脚本，否则您将不会在客户端得到正确的 JSON 字符串；。

联系.js

<script>
    $(document).ready(function () {
        $('.btn-send').on('click', function (e) {
            e.preventDefault();

            $('#contact-form').validator();  //Just make sure this works because I didn't work with it.

            let url = "contact.php";

            let formData = $("#contact-form").serialize();

            // POST values in the background the the script URL
            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                url: url,
                data: formData,  //You shouldn't use `this` inside this ajax scope if you are trying to refer to your form. It's better you call the form element by it's `id` here or reassign `this` before entering the ajax call scope.
                success: function (data) {
                    // we recieve the type of the message: success x danger and apply it to the
                    let messageAlert = 'alert-' + data.type;
                    let messageText = data.message;

                    // let's compose Bootstrap alert box HTML
                    let alertBox = '<div class="alert ' + messageAlert + ' alert-dismissable"><button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-hidden="true">&times;</button>' + messageText + '</div>';

                    // If we have messageAlert and messageText
                    if (messageAlert && messageText) {
                        // inject the alert to .messages div in our form
                        $('#contact-form').find('.messages').html(alertBox);
                        // empty the form
                        $('#contact-form')[0].reset();
                    }
                }
            });
            return false;
        })
    });
</script>

索引.html

这里一切都很好。只需编辑这些行：

<form id="contact-form" method="post" role="form">

<div class="col-md-12">
    <input type="button" class="btn btn-send" value="Send message">
</div>

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