首页 > 解决方案 > Django - 使用外部脚本从 url 下载图像并将它们插入到 imageField

问题描述

我正在使用嵌入视频的网站(Django 2.1),我需要使用外部脚本填充我的数据库。我有两个表,一个是父表(视频)和子表(缩略图),其中是 imageField。我需要从 url 下载缩略图并以编程方式将图像插入 ImageField。我正在与这个问题作斗争 2 天。我已经阅读了关于 stackoverflow 的一些建议,但对我没有任何帮助,我在这里放弃了。有人可以帮我吗?

这是我的模型的一部分:

#my models.py

class Video(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=255, unique = True)
    video_url = models.URLField(max_length=255, unique = True)

class Thumbnail(models.Model): 
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)   
    thumb = models.ImageField(upload_to='thumb/', null=True, blank=True)
    thumb_resolution = models.CharField(max_length=50, null=True, blank=True)
    videos = models.ForeignKey(Video, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='thumbnails')

这是我下载代码的简化版本,我尝试了几种不同的方法,但大多数尝试都没有错误,但 MEDIA 文件夹中没有文件。但是我的视频和缩略图之间的 OneToMany 关系已成功创建。

import requests
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "video.settings")
import django
django.setup()
from django.core.files import File
from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
from mainSite.models import Video, Thumbnail

def download(url):
    try:
        r = requests.get(url) 
        if not r.status_code == 200:
            raise Exception('file request failed with status code: ' + str(r.status_code))
        return (r.content)
    except Exception as ex:
        print (ex)
        return ('error')

VIDEO_URL = "https://videowebsite.com/video/43332"
VIDEO_THUMBS = ["https://videowebsite.com/thumb/1.jpg","https://videowebsite.com/thumb/2.jpg"]

# title, slug , video_url exist in my code
add_video = Video(title=title,slug=slug,video_url=video_url)
add_video.save()

for image in VIDEO_THUMBS:
    get_file = download(image)
    file_name = image.split('/')[-1]
    if get_file != 'error' and len(get_file) > 0:
    # I tried several different ways here but none of them work.


        f = BytesIO(get_file)
        Thumbnail(name=file_name, thumb=File(f), videos = add_video).save()
        #No error but image does not exist on server in MEDIA folder
        #--------------------------------------------
        with Image.open(get_file) as img:
            Thumbnail(name=file_name, thumb=ContentFile(img), videos = add_video).save()
            # ValueError: embedded null byte
        #--------------------------------------------
        Thumbnail(name=file_name, thumb=File(get_file), videos = add_video).save()
        # No error but image does not exist on server
        #--------------------------------------------
        with Image.open(get_file) as img:
            Thumbnail(name=file_name, thumb=File(img), videos = add_video).save()
        # No error but image does not exist on server
        #--------------------------------------------
        f = BytesIO(get_file)
        with Image.open(f) as img:
            Thumbnail(name=file_name, thumb=File(img), videos = add_video).save()
        #Again no error but images does not exist
    else:
        print('error')

我真的迷路了,有人可以告诉我我在这里做错了什么吗?在大多数情况下没有错误,父表和子表之间的关系创建成功,但图像没有上传到 MEDIA/thumb 文件夹中。非常感谢您提前。

标签: pythondjangodjango-modelsrequest

解决方案


解决方案

from io import BytesIO

from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
from PIL import Image


for image in VIDEO_THUMBS:
    get_file = download(image)
    file_name = image.split('/')[-1]

    # please read https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/3.1.x/handbook/image-file-formats.html
    # for available formats.
    extension = 'jpeg'

    f = BytesIO(get_file)
    out = BytesIO()

    image = Image.open(f)
    image.save(out, extension)

    t = Thumbnail(<all fields except thumb>)
    t.thumb.save(file_name, ContentFile(out.getvalue()), save=False)
    t.save()
  • 将文件保存到内存 [变量out]
  • 使用 Django 的ContentFile类来初始化内存中的文件内容

编辑:你不需要StringIOBytesIO会做这项工作。


推荐阅读