首页 > 解决方案 > asyncio HTTP 服务器因 keepalive 而挂起

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 asyncio 编写一个 HTTP/1 服务器,并且我正在尝试让它处理 HTTP 保持活动状态。我有以下代码。

import re
import socket
import asyncio

async def request_handler(reader, writer):
    try:
        keep_alive = True

        while keep_alive:
            keep_alive = False

            while True:
                print('Awaiting data')
                line = await reader.readline()
                print('Finished await got %s' % line)
                if not line.rstrip(b'\r\n'):
                    break

                if re.match(rb'connection:\s*keep-alive', line, re.I):
                    keep_alive = True

            writer.write(b'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n<h1>My web page</h1>\r\n')
            await writer.drain()
    finally:
        writer.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
    coro = asyncio.start_server(request_handler, '', 8888, family=socket.AF_UNSPEC, loop=loop, limit=2048)
    server = loop.run_until_complete(coro) 

    try:
        loop.run_forever()
    finally:
        server.close()
        loop.run_until_complete(server.wait_closed())
        loop.close()

使用来自 curl 等工具的请求,可以正确处理请求,而无需服务器挂起。

但是,尝试在浏览器中加载 URL 会导致服务器永远不会终止连接。浏览器尝试请求两个资源,一个 from/和一个 to /favicon.ico,并且 HTTP keep-alives 用于请求。(可以通过开发人员工具查看此信息。)

我尝试打印服务器收到的数据。但是,似乎服务器从未收到第二个请求的数据:

Awaiting data
Finished await got b'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n'
Awaiting data
Finished await got b'Host: localhost:8888\r\n'
Awaiting data
Finished await got b'Connection: keep-alive\r\n'
Awaiting data
Finished await got b'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1\r\n'
Awaiting data
Finished await got b'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.106 Safari/537.36\r\n'
Awaiting data
Finished await got b'Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8\r\n'
Awaiting data
Finished await got b'Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br\r\n'
Awaiting data
Finished await got b'Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9\r\n'
Awaiting data
Finished await got b'\r\n'
Awaiting data

谁能告诉我问题是什么?

标签: pythonhttpnetwork-programmingpython-asynciokeep-alive

解决方案


使用 Keep-Alive 时,响应必须包含Content-Length标头(或使用更复杂的分块传输编码)。没有它,客户端别无选择,只能等待连接关闭——这永远不会发生,因为keep_alive设置为 true。例如,如果您像这样更改编写代码:

            body = b'<h1>My web page</h1>\r\n'
            writer.write(b'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: %d\r\n\r\n' % len(body))
            writer.write(body)

...连接不再悬空。

curl之所以有效,是因为它没有指定Keep-Alive(因为在命令行上只指定了一个 URL),所以您的代码会关闭连接并且不需要内容长度。


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