python - Update one sprite among a group of sprites [Pygame]
问题描述
First post here. So I am trying to implement a Civilization type of movement game. At the moment, I have one sprite in a cell. I can click it and then if I click another grid, the sprite moves there. What I now want is to spawn 5-6 such sprites, and then do the same thing. Click on a sprite and then click another grid, and that specific sprite moves there without affecting the other sprites. I cannot seem to do that. I can spawn 5-6 random sprites at different grids, but when I click on one of them and then click another grid, all the other sprites are gone. The code is below (not the best as I am learning Pygame). I understand that I have to somehow only update the sprite that was clicked, but I am not sure how to do that.
import pygame
import random
WIDTH = 900
HEIGHT = 700
FPS = 2
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
TURN = "TeamOne"
def main():
# Pygame sprite Example
global x_lines
global y_lines
x_lines = [WIDTH-i*WIDTH/20 for i in range(20,0, -1)]
y_lines = [HEIGHT-j*HEIGHT/20 for j in range(20,0, -1)]
class TeamOne(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# sprite for the Player
def __init__(self):
# this line is required to properly create the sprite
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
# create a plain rectangle for the sprite image
self.image = pygame.Surface((WIDTH / 20, HEIGHT / 20))
self.image.fill(GREEN)
# find the rectangle that encloses the image
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
# center the sprite on the screen
self.rect.center = ((random.randint(1,19)*2+1)* WIDTH/ 40, (random.randint(1,19)*2+1)*HEIGHT/40)
def update(self, position):
# any code here will happen every time the game loop updates
(a, b) = position
for index, i in enumerate(x_lines):
if i > a:
self.rect.x = x_lines[index-1]
break
for index, j in enumerate(y_lines):
if j > b:
self.rect.y = y_lines[index-1]
break
# initialize pygame and create window
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("A Game")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
clicked_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
teamone_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
for i in range(5):
mob1 = TeamOne()
teamone_sprites.add(mob1)
# Game loop
running = True
j=0
while running:
# keep loop running at the right speed
clock.tick(FPS)
# Process input (events)
for event in pygame.event.get():
# check for closing window
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and j == 0:
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
for s in teamone_sprites:
if s.rect.collidepoint(pos):
#teamone_sprites.add(s)
clicked_sprites.add(s)
print (clicked_sprites)
j = 1
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and j == 1:
new_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
#teamone_sprites.update(new_pos)
clicked_sprites.update(new_pos)
j = 0
# Update
# Draw / render
## screen.fill(BLACK)
## draw_grid(screen)
##
## teamone_sprites.draw(screen)
##
##
##
## # *after* drawing everything, flip the display
## pygame.display.flip()
# Draw / render
screen.fill(BLACK)
draw_grid(screen)
teamone_sprites.draw(screen)
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
def draw_grid(screen):
for i in range(1, HEIGHT, int(HEIGHT/20)):
pygame.draw.line(screen, GREEN, (1,i) ,(WIDTH,i), 2)
for j in range(1, WIDTH, int(WIDTH/20)):
pygame.draw.line(screen, GREEN, (j,1) ,(j,HEIGHT), 2)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
解决方案
给你的一些提示:
- 保持主循环清洁
- 把逻辑放在它所属的地方
- 只调用
pygame.display.flip()
/pygame.display.update()
一次 - 不要使用变量名称,例如
j
- 由于您的游戏是基于网格的,因此您应该有一种在网格坐标和屏幕坐标之间进行转换的方法
这是我一起编写的一个简单的可运行示例(请参阅评论以获取一些解释):
import pygame
import random
WIDTH = 900
HEIGHT = 700
ROWS = 20
COLUMNS = 20
TILE_SIZE = WIDTH / COLUMNS, HEIGHT / ROWS
TILE_W, TILE_H = TILE_SIZE
FPS = 60
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
TURN = "TeamOne"
# some functions to translate grid <-> screen coordinates
def posToScreen(pos):
column, row = pos
return column * TILE_W, row * TILE_H
def screenToPos(pos):
column, row = pos
return column / TILE_W, row / TILE_H
def draw_grid(screen):
for i in range(1, HEIGHT, TILE_H):
pygame.draw.line(screen, GREEN, (1,i) ,(WIDTH,i), 2)
for j in range(1, WIDTH, TILE_W):
pygame.draw.line(screen, GREEN, (j,1) ,(j,HEIGHT), 2)
# a class that handles selecting units
class Cursor(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, units, *groups):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, *groups)
# group of the units that can be controlled
self.units = units
# we create two images
# to indicate if we are selecting or moving
self.image = pygame.Surface(TILE_SIZE)
self.image.set_colorkey((43,43,43))
self.image.fill((43,43,43))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.selected_image = self.image.copy()
pygame.draw.rect(self.image, pygame.Color('red'), self.image.get_rect(), 4)
pygame.draw.rect(self.selected_image, pygame.Color('purple'), self.image.get_rect(), 4)
self.base_image = self.image
self.selected = None
def update(self):
# let's draw the rect on the grid, based on the mouse position
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
self.rect.topleft = posToScreen(screenToPos(pos))
def handle_click(self, pos):
if not self.selected:
# if we have not selected a unit, do it now
for s in pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.units, False):
self.selected = s
self.image = self.selected_image
else:
# if we have a unit selected, just set its target attribute, so it will move on its own
self.selected.target = posToScreen(screenToPos(pos))
self.image = self.base_image
self.selected = None
class TeamOne(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, *groups):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, *groups)
self.image = pygame.Surface(TILE_SIZE)
self.image.fill(GREEN)
self.pos = random.randint(0, COLUMNS), random.randint(0, ROWS)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft = posToScreen(self.pos))
self.target = None
def update(self):
# do nothing until target is set
# (maybe unset it if we reached our target)
if self.target:
if self.rect.x < self.target[0]:
self.rect.move_ip(1, 0)
elif self.rect.x > self.target[0]:
self.rect.move_ip(-1, 0)
elif self.rect.y < self.target[1]:
self.rect.move_ip(0, 1)
elif self.rect.y > self.target[1]:
self.rect.move_ip(0, -1)
self.pos = screenToPos(self.rect.topleft)
def main():
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("A Game")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.LayeredUpdates()
team_ones = pygame.sprite.Group()
for i in range(5):
TeamOne(all_sprites, team_ones)
cursor = Cursor(team_ones, all_sprites)
# a nice, simple, clean main loop
running = True
while running:
clock.tick(FPS)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
# we could also pass all events to all sprites
# so we would not need this special clause for the cursor...
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
cursor.handle_click(event.pos)
all_sprites.update()
screen.fill(BLACK)
draw_grid(screen)
all_sprites.draw(screen)
pygame.display.flip()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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