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python - 实施重试例程

问题描述

我有以下想法。是否可以在 python 中实现重试例程？这是我所做的一个简单示例。我想要一个更灵活的解决方案。独立于功能。因此，使用任何其他功能切换 removeFile 并摆脱 main 中的 while 循环。

import os
import time

def removeFile(file):

    try:
        os.remove(file)
        print("removed : "+file)
        return True
    except PermissionError:
        print("could not delete file "+file+" ; will try again")
        return False


if __name__ == "__main__":
    file = "some_path/file.ext"

    sucess = False
    maxCount = 5
    count = 0
    while not sucess:
        sucess = removeFile(file)
        count += 1
        if count == maxCount:
            sucess = True
            print("could not delete file "+file+" ; permission denied.")
        time.sleep(5)

标签： pythonpython-3.x

解决方案

感谢@shmee，我得到了一种新方法，使用装饰器。

def retry(ExceptionToCheck, tries=4, delay=3, backoff=2, logger=None):
    """Retry calling the decorated function using an exponential backoff.

    http://www.saltycrane.com/blog/2009/11/trying-out-retry-decorator-python/
    original from: http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary#Retry

    :param ExceptionToCheck: the exception to check. may be a tuple of
        exceptions to check
    :type ExceptionToCheck: Exception or tuple
    :param tries: number of times to try (not retry) before giving up
    :type tries: int
    :param delay: initial delay between retries in seconds
    :type delay: int
    :param backoff: backoff multiplier e.g. value of 2 will double the delay
        each retry
    :type backoff: int
    :param logger: logger to use. If None, print
    :type logger: logging.Logger instance
    """
    def deco_retry(f):

        @wraps(f)
        def f_retry(*args, **kwargs):
            mtries, mdelay = tries, delay
            while mtries > 1:
                try:
                    return f(*args, **kwargs)
                except ExceptionToCheck:
                    msg = "%s, Retrying in %d seconds..." % (str(ExceptionToCheck), mdelay)
                    if logger:
                        #logger.exception(msg) # would print stack trace
                        logger.warning(msg)
                    else:
                        print(msg)
                    time.sleep(mdelay)
                    mtries -= 1
                    mdelay *= backoff
            return f(*args, **kwargs)

        return f_retry  # true decorator

    return deco_retry

现在剩下要做的就是装饰我们的小删除函数：

 @retry(PermissionError, tries=5, delay=2,backoff=2)
    def removeFile(f):
        os.remove(f)

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