ruby - 错误：安装 sass 时出错：错误：无法构建 gem 原生扩展

Question

我试图安装 sass。我确实设法通过 npm 安装它（1.14.1 用 dart2js 2.0.0 编译），但是我需要用 Ruby 安装它（Ruby Sass 3.5.6。）。现在，这是我运行“sudo gem install sass”时的错误

Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing sass:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/ffi-1.9.25/ext/ffi_c
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20181004-3909-1iytz3s.rb extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
--with-ffi_c-dir
--without-ffi_c-dir
--with-ffi_c-include
--without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
--with-ffi_c-lib
--without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/lib
--with-libffi-config
--without-libffi-config
--with-pkg-config
--without-pkg-config 

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:456:in 'try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:571:in `block in try_compile'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:524:in `with_werror'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:571:in `try_compile'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:1091:in `block in have_header'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:942:in `block in checking_for'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:320:in `open'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:350:in `block in postpone'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:320:in `open'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:346:in `postpone'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:941:in `checking_for'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:1090:in `have_header'
from extconf.rb:16:in `<main>'

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

 /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/extensions/universal-darwin-18/2.3.0/ffi-1.9.25/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/ffi-1.9.25 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/extensions/universal-darwin-18/2.3.0/ffi-1.9.25/gem_make.out

我尝试更新 Ruby，删除通过 npm 安装的 sass，按照一些建议更新 xcode dev-tools。但没有任何效果。我不知道是什么原因，因为在从 0 更新到新的 Mac OS Mojave 之前我有 sass。

这是 mkmf.log 文件：

package configuration for libffi is not found
"xcrun clang -o conftest - 
I/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework
/Versions/2.3/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0/universal-darwin18 - 
I/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/
include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward - 
I/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/
ruby-2.3.0 -I. -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE - 
D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT    -g -Os -pipe - 
DHAVE_GCC_ATOMIC_BUILTINS conftest.c  -L. - 
L/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib -L.     
-lruby.2.3.0  -lpthread -ldl -lobjc "
In file included from conftest.c:1:
In file included from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/
ruby-2.3.0/ruby.h:33:
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/
ruby-2.3.0/ruby/ruby.h:24:10: fatal error: 'ruby/config.h' file not found
#include "ruby/config.h"
     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2: 
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5:   return 0;
6: }
/* end */

有任何想法吗？

标签： rubysassrubygemspackage

Answer 1

好的，所以找到了解决方案。如果你有这个错误。做这个：

1. 安装 rvm ( https://rvm.io/ )

2. 然后我必须运行这个命令来使 rvm 工作：

如果 sudo grep -q secure_path /etc/sudoers; 然后 sudo sh -c "echo export rvmsudo_secure_path=1 >> /etc/profile.d/rvm_secure_path.sh" && echo 安装环境变量；菲

3. 接下来用 rvm 我删除了 ruby​​：

rvm 删除红宝石

4. 最后安装红宝石：

rvm 安装红宝石

5. 不确定是否需要此步骤，但这是我在控制台中所做的：Ruby 是在没有文档的情况下构建的，要构建它运行：rvm docs generate-ri

   所以我也运行了这个命令。在那之后，我终于能够 sudo gem install sass。

现在它起作用了！