首页 > 解决方案 > MATLAB - 如何定义多变量目标优化

问题描述

我试图理解多变量目标优化,我需要优化复杂的函数,但要开始,我需要优化以下函数:

function ap_phase = objecfun(tau)

  f = 1000;   %Frequency

  w = 2*pi*f; %Angular Frequency

  trans_func = @(taux) (1-1i*w*taux)./(1+1i*w*taux); %Transfer function   

  trans_zero = trans_func(tau(1)); %Transfer function evaluated with the first variable
  trans_quad = trans_func(tau(2)); %Transfer function evaluated with the second variable

  ap_phase = rad2deg(phase(trans_zero)-phase(trans_quad)); %Phase difference

end

函数 objecfun 将一个长度为 2 的向量作为输入,计算 2 个传递函数,然后减去传递函数的相位。

我的目标是相位应该在 90° 左右

我用来进行优化的脚本如下

tau0 = [2E-5, 1E-3];        %Initial Value for tau(1) and tau(2)
lb = [1E-7, 1E-7];          %Lower bound for tau(1) and tau(2)
ub = [1E-2, 1E-2];          %Upper bound for tau(1) and tau(2)
goal = 90;                  %Optimization goal
weight = 1;                 %Weight
[x,fval] = fgoalattain(@objecfun,tau0,goal,weight,[],[],[],[],lb,ub)

优化器收敛但我得到一个错误的答案,我得到

x =

0.0100    0.0000

fval =

-178.1044

错了,fval 应该接近 90°

我究竟做错了什么?

标签: matlaboptimization

解决方案


我认为您需要替换您的目标函数和目标值,以使其适合问题表述。您可以将函数输出与所需角度之间的差异的 L2 范数用作目标函数,并将目标设置为一些容差。

我还检查了“fmincon”:

new_goal = 1e-4;
objectfun = @(x) norm(objecfun(x) - goal);

options = optimoptions('fgoalattain');
options.PlotFcns = 'optimplotfval';
[tau_star,fval] = fgoalattain(objectfun,tau0,new_goal,weight,[],[],[],[],lb,ub,[],options);

options = optimoptions('fmincon');
options.PlotFcns = 'optimplotfval';
[tau_star2,fval,exitflag,output] = fmincon(objectfun,tau0,[],[],[],[],lb,ub,[], options);

fgoalattain_solution_phase_diff = objecfun(tau_star)
fmincon_solution_phase_diff = objecfun(tau_star2)

并得到:

fgoalattain_solution_phase_diff =

   90.0000


fmincon_solution_phase_diff =

   90.0006

注意:您也可以在函数中省略 rad2deg 并将其值用作所需的角度 [rad]。


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