首页 > 解决方案 > 如何在golang中顺序处理并发请求?

问题描述

我是 Golang 的新手,我发现 Go 频道非常有趣。我的背景来自 JavaScript,我想在 Go 中按顺序处理并发请求,有点像Promise.all()JavaScript。我想要的只是发出一些并发运行的请求,并按照我调用它们的顺序处理返回的数据。

等效的 JavaScript 代码如下所示:

async function main() {
  // Assuming all db calls will return a promise
  const firstUserPromise = firstDbCall().then((res) => res);
  const secondUserPromise = secondDbCall().then((res) => res);
  const thridUserPromise = thridDbCall().then((res) => res);

  const [
    firstUserData,
    secondUserData,
    thirdUserData
  ] = await Promise.all([firstUserPromise, secondUserPromise, thirdUserPromise]);
}

如果您不熟悉 JavaScript,在上面的代码中,我会同时进行三个数据库调用(从第 3 行到第 5 行)。然后我在等待他们给出一些回应(从第 7 行到第 10 行)。这段代码的好处在于,当所有三个数据库调用都完成后,我将按照等待它们的顺序获得结果。firstUserDatawill get response from firstUserPromise, secondUserDatawill get fromsecondUserPromise等等。

下面是一个假设的代码,我希望它等同于上面的 JavaScript 代码:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
  set = make(chan, string)
  get = make(chan, string)

  // First DB call
  go firstDbCall()
  // Second DB call
  go secondDbCall()
  // Third DB call
  go thirdDbCall()

  // How to make sending data to channels predictable
  // First data to `set` channel will send data to firstDbCall
  // Second one will `set` to secondDbCall and so on.
  set <- "userId 1"
  set <- "userId 2"
  set <- "userId 3"

  // Similarly, How to make receiving data from channels predictable
  // firstUserData will data of "userId 1", secondUserData will have
  // data of "userId 2" and so on.
  firstUserData := <-get
  secondUserData := <-get
  thirdUserData := <-get
}

由于从通道获取数据是不可预测的,我怎样才能让它们像 JavaScript 代码一样可预测?

标签: javascriptgoconcurrencypromisechannel

解决方案


Go 通道实际上只是线程安全的队列。在这种情况下,它看起来不像队列(因此​​是通道)适合您的用例。我建议看一下sync.WaitGroup

package main

import "sync"

func main() {
    var (
        firstUserData, secondUserData, thirdUserData string
        wg                                           sync.WaitGroup
    )
    wg.Add(3)

    // First DB call
    go func() {
        defer wg.Done()
        firstUserData = firstDbCall()
    }()

    // Second DB call
    go func() {
        defer wg.Done()
        secondUserData = secondDbCall()
    }()

    // Third DB call
    go func() {
        defer wg.Done()
        thirdUserData = thirdDbCall()
    }()

    wg.Wait()

    println(firstUserData, secondUserData, thirdUserData)
}

func firstDbCall() string {
    return "UserId1"
}

func secondDbCall() string {
    return "UserId2"
}

func thirdDbCall() string {
    return "UserId3"
}

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