首页 > 解决方案 > Raspberry Pi 16x2 LCD 屏幕几秒钟后出现故障

问题描述

我有一个 16x2 的 LCD 屏幕,可以实时显示时间和日期。问题是,它在启动时自动启动,但在启动时会出现故障。

开机启动时会发生什么

在 rc.local 中,我添加了一行,上面写着 (sleep 10; python /home/pi/Document/LCD.py) 这将在启动时启动它。我认为它可能在这个过程中开始得太早了。也让我相信,当我插入显示电缆时,它的成功率更高。也许它延迟了足够多的 GPIO 引脚初始化的过程?我试图将它添加为系统服务,但它似乎不起作用。

我的代码:

# The wiring for the LCD is as follows:
# 1 : GND
# 2 : 5V
# 3 : Contrast (0-5V)*
# 4 : RS (Register Select)
# 5 : R/W (Read Write)       - GROUND THIS PIN
# 6 : Enable or Strobe
# 7 : Data Bit 0             - NOT USED
# 8 : Data Bit 1             - NOT USED
# 9 : Data Bit 2             - NOT USED
# 10: Data Bit 3             - NOT USED
# 11: Data Bit 4
# 12: Data Bit 5
# 13: Data Bit 6
# 14: Data Bit 7
# 15: LCD Backlight +5V**
# 16: LCD Backlight GND

#import
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time

# Define GPIO to LCD mapping
LCD_RS = 7
LCD_E  = 8
LCD_D4 = 25
LCD_D5 = 24
LCD_D6 = 23
LCD_D7 = 18


# Define some device constants
LCD_WIDTH = 16    # Maximum characters per line
LCD_CHR = True
LCD_CMD = False

LCD_LINE_1 = 0x80 # LCD RAM address for the 1st line
LCD_LINE_2 = 0xC0 # LCD RAM address for the 2nd line

# Timing constants
E_PULSE = 0.0005
E_DELAY = 0.0005

def main():
  # Main program block

  GPIO.setwarnings(False)
  GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)       # Use BCM GPIO numbers
  GPIO.setup(LCD_E, GPIO.OUT)  # E
  GPIO.setup(LCD_RS, GPIO.OUT) # RS
  GPIO.setup(LCD_D4, GPIO.OUT) # DB4
  GPIO.setup(LCD_D5, GPIO.OUT) # DB5
  GPIO.setup(LCD_D6, GPIO.OUT) # DB6
  GPIO.setup(LCD_D7, GPIO.OUT) # DB7


  # Initialise display
  lcd_init()
  while True:
    e = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
    date = time.strftime("%Y:%m:%d") 

    # Send some test
    lcd_string(date,LCD_LINE_1) #Change 'text' to what you want.
    lcd_string(e,LCD_LINE_2)

def lcd_init():
  # Initialise display
  lcd_byte(0x33,LCD_CMD) # 110011 Initialise
  lcd_byte(0x32,LCD_CMD) # 110010 Initialise
  lcd_byte(0x06,LCD_CMD) # 000110 Cursor move direction
  lcd_byte(0x0C,LCD_CMD) # 001100 Display On,Cursor Off, Blink Off
  lcd_byte(0x28,LCD_CMD) # 101000 Data length, number of lines, font size
  lcd_byte(0x01,LCD_CMD) # 000001 Clear display
  time.sleep(E_DELAY)

def lcd_byte(bits, mode):
  # Send byte to data pins
  # bits = data
  # mode = True  for character
  #        False for command

  GPIO.output(LCD_RS, mode) # RS

  # High bits
  GPIO.output(LCD_D4, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D5, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D6, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D7, False)
  if bits&0x10==0x10:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D4, True)
  if bits&0x20==0x20:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D5, True)
  if bits&0x40==0x40:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D6, True)
  if bits&0x80==0x80:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D7, True)

  # Toggle 'Enable' pin
  lcd_toggle_enable()

  # Low bits
  GPIO.output(LCD_D4, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D5, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D6, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D7, False)
  if bits&0x01==0x01:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D4, True)
  if bits&0x02==0x02:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D5, True)
  if bits&0x04==0x04:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D6, True)
  if bits&0x08==0x08:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D7, True)

  # Toggle 'Enable' pin
  lcd_toggle_enable()

def lcd_toggle_enable():
  # Toggle enable
  time.sleep(E_DELAY)
  GPIO.output(LCD_E, True)
  time.sleep(E_PULSE)
  GPIO.output(LCD_E, False)
  time.sleep(E_DELAY)

def lcd_string(message,line):
  # Send string to display




  message = message.ljust(LCD_WIDTH," ")

  lcd_byte(line, LCD_CMD)

  for i in range(LCD_WIDTH):
    lcd_byte(ord(message[i]),LCD_CHR)

if __name__ == '__main__':

  try:
    main()
  except KeyboardInterrupt:
    pass
  finally:
    lcd_byte(0x01, LCD_CMD)
    lcd_string("Goodbye!",LCD_LINE_1)
    GPIO.cleanup()

提前致谢。

标签: pythonraspberry-pizerolcd

解决方案


我看到三个问题。

  1. 大多数 HD44780 显示器(如本显示器)需要 5V I/O。Raspberry Pi 使用 3.3VI/O,这对于某些显示器可能不够用。

  2. 相关:如果显示器进入读取模式,它可能会尝试将 5V 驱动到数据总线上。这会损坏 Pi 上的 I/O 引脚。

  3. GPIO.cleanup()将 Pi 上的任何输出引脚重置为输入。这将使显示器上的输入保持浮动,从而导致意外行为。

潜在的解决方案:

  1. 使用本机支持 3.3VI/O 的显示器,或者内置电平转换器或协议转换器的显示器。(这些显示器的 I2C“背包”是一种常见的解决方案;它们还可以为您节省几个引脚。)

  2. 在 Pi 和显示器之间添加一个电平转换器,并用一个电阻将 E 引脚拉低,使其在不受 Pi 驱动时不能浮高。


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