django - Heroku/Django 部署:为什么我在成功部署和静态收集时收到错误 500?
问题描述
几个月来,我一直在努力在 Heroku 上部署我的第一个 Django 站点。我正在使用 成功构建git push heroku master
并成功收集静态文件heroku run python manage.py collectstatic --noinput
,但是当DEBUG = config('DEBUG', default=False, cast=bool)
. 当 DEBUG 设置为 True 时,该站点确实可以工作(尽管我将不得不弄清楚如何使数据库正常工作)。我认为我允许的主机设置正确。我可以在 SO 上找到的所有答案都不能完全解决我的问题。
我从这个答案添加了日志记录,它在日志中为我提供了更多信息,但我不明白为什么当我能够成功收集静态文件时它们不可用?
2018-12-09T16:24:38.181428+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173376+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/whitenoise/base.py:104: UserWarning: No directory at: /app/staticfiles/
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173419+00:00 app[web.1]: warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173421+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/whitenoise/base.py:104: UserWarning: No directory at: /app/staticfiles/
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173423+00:00 app[web.1]: warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))
我显然错过了很多,任何指导将不胜感激。
编辑添加:
设置.py
import os
import dj_database_url
from decouple import config
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = config('SECRET_KEY')
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = config('DEBUG', default=False, cast=bool)
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [
'localhost',
'127.0.0.1',
'tallymusic.herokuapp.com',
'.tallymusic.net'
]
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
# user-created apps
'concerts',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'tallymusic.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'tallymusic.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': dj_database_url.config(
default=config('DATABASE_URL')
)
}
""" # dev
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
}
}
"""
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'EST'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
STATIC_URL = '/assets/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'assets'),
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'assets/css'),
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'assets/images'),
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'assets/js'),
)
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15128135/setting-debug-false-causes-500-error
LOGGING = {
'version': 1,
'disable_existing_loggers': False,
'formatters': {
'verbose': {
'format' : "[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s [%(name)s:%(lineno)s] %(message)s",
'datefmt' : "%d/%b/%Y %H:%M:%S"
},
'simple': {
'format': '%(levelname)s %(message)s'
},
},
'handlers': {
'file': {
'level': 'DEBUG',
'class': 'logging.FileHandler',
'filename': 'mysite.log',
'formatter': 'verbose'
},
},
'loggers': {
'django': {
'handlers':['file'],
'propagate': True,
'level':'DEBUG',
},
'MYAPP': {
'handlers': ['file'],
'level': 'DEBUG',
},
}
}
更多日志
2018-12-09T16:24:14.000000+00:00 app[api]: Build started by user ME
2018-12-09T16:24:29.581094+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Restarting
2018-12-09T16:24:29.581759+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to starting
2018-12-09T16:24:30.254016+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:30 +0000] [4] [INFO] Handling signal: term
2018-12-09T16:24:30.254190+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 11:24:30 +0000] [11] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 11)
2018-12-09T16:24:30.255609+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 11:24:30 +0000] [12] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 12)
2018-12-09T16:24:30.297433+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:30 +0000] [4] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
2018-12-09T16:24:30.245505+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM
2018-12-09T16:24:30.366997+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 0
2018-12-09T16:24:29.201161+00:00 app[api]: Deploy eff240d7 by user ME
2018-12-09T16:24:29.201161+00:00 app[api]: Release v23 created by user ME
2018-12-09T16:24:34.427399+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `gunicorn tallymusic.wsgi --log-file -`
2018-12-09T16:24:36.000000+00:00 app[api]: Build succeeded
2018-12-09T16:24:37.293769+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [4] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.9.0
2018-12-09T16:24:37.294491+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [4] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:3342 (4)
2018-12-09T16:24:37.296193+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [4] [INFO] Using worker: sync
2018-12-09T16:24:37.315139+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [11] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 11
2018-12-09T16:24:37.380085+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [12] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 12
2018-12-09T16:24:38.181428+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173376+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/whitenoise/base.py:104: UserWarning: No directory at: /app/staticfiles/
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173419+00:00 app[web.1]: warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173421+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/whitenoise/base.py:104: UserWarning: No directory at: /app/staticfiles/
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173423+00:00 app[web.1]: warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))
解决方案
您很可能已经解决了这个问题,但是这适用于将来遇到问题的任何其他人。
大多数网站和人们都说您需要像这样更新ALLOWED_HOSTS
in :(或用于快速测试,而不是用于生产)。settings.py
['www.beta800.net', '127.0.0.1']
['*']
对我来说,这并没有解决问题,尽管更新ALLOWED_HOSTS
任何一种方式都很重要。我的问题是我的应用程序缺少静态文件文件夹。如果日志记录向您显示类似以下的错误:UserWarning: No directory at:/app/static/ warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))
这也是您的应用程序中的问题。如果是这种情况,请按照下列步骤操作:
在本地,将
DEBUG
属性更改settings.py
为True
.确保您在 中设置了以下属性
settings.py
:
# The URL to use when referring to static files (where they will be served from)
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# The absolute path to the directory where collectstatic will collect static files for deployment.
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
# Extra places for collectstatic to find static files.
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)
# Simplified static file serving.
# https://warehouse.python.org/project/whitenoise/
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'
在本地,添加一个名为
static
根文件夹的文件夹。在本地,运行
python manage.py collectstatic
. 这应该在您的应用程序的根文件夹中创建另一个名为staticfiles
.现在您可以将
DEBUG
属性设置settings.py
为False
并部署您的应用程序。
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