首页 > 解决方案 > 为什么 pylint 在函数之外需要大写的变量名?

问题描述

为什么 pylint 在函数外部接受大写变量并在函数内部拒绝它们?相反,为什么 pylint 在函数外拒绝 camelCase 并在函数内接受它?

我刚刚安装了 pylint(版本 2.2.2)来检查我的 Python 3。一定有什么我错过了。我相关的 Python/包版本是:

pylint 2.2.2
astroid 2.1.0
Python 3.6.7 | packaged by conda-forge | (default, Nov 20 2018, 18:20:05)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 9.0.0 (clang-900.0.37)]

考虑以下代码 (test_1),其中我使用 camelCase 和 Capitalized 命名变量。Capitalized 变量被接受(为什么?)并且 camelCase 被拒绝(因为代码没有被包装到函数中,我猜)。

'''
Nothing important
'''

fileHandler = open("afile.txt")

for line in fileHandler:
    Token = line.split("\t")
    Part_1 = Token[0]
    print(Part_1)

在调用 pylint 时给出:

$ pylint --py3k --enable=all  test_1.py 
************* Module test_1
test_1.py:5:0: C0103: Constant name "fileHandler" doesn't conform to UPPER_CASE naming style (invalid-name)

------------------------------------------------------------------
Your code has been rated at 8.00/10 (previous run: 8.00/10, +0.00)

现在,如果我将所有内容都放入一个函数(test_2)中。

'''
Nothing important
'''

def foo():
    fileHandler = open("afile.txt")

    for line in fileHandler:
        Token = line.split("\t")
        Part_1 = Token[0]
        print(Part_1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    foo()

然后大写变量被检测为不合规(这是我所期望的):

$ pylint --py3k --enable=all  test_2.py
************* Module test_2
test_2.py:5:0: C0102: Black listed name "foo" (blacklisted-name)
test_2.py:5:0: C0111: Missing function docstring (missing-docstring)
test_2.py:6:4: C0103: Variable name "fileHandler" doesn't conform to snake_case naming style (invalid-name)
test_2.py:9:8: C0103: Variable name "Token" doesn't conform to snake_case naming style (invalid-name)
test_2.py:10:8: C0103: Variable name "Part_1" doesn't conform to snake_case naming style (invalid-name)

------------------------------------------------------------------
Your code has been rated at 3.75/10 (previous run: 3.75/10, +0.00)

我有一些不清楚的地方......欢迎任何澄清......

最好的

标签: pythonpylintcapitalize

解决方案


当您将变量放在函数内部时,pylint 不再将它们“视为”常量。将变量放入函数后,pylint 将它们“视为”普通变量,不再要求您将它们大写,而是需要“snake_case”。snake_case请注意,默认情况下pylint 首选camelCase,但您可以在首选 camelCase中覆盖它。.pylintrc

Python 脚本(无方法)

#!/usr/bin/env python3

# pylint wants 'FILEHANDLER'
fileHandler = open("afile.txt") # <-- pylint sees constant, wants UPPER_CASE 

for line in fileHandler:
    Token = line.split("\t")
    Part_1 = Token[0]
    print(Part_1)

用一个方法

#!/usr/bin/env python3

def run_stuff():

    # pylint wants 'file_handler'
    fileHandler = open("afile.txt") # <-- pylint sees normal variable

    for line in fileHandler:
        Token = line.split("\t")
        Part_1 = Token[0]
        print(Part_1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    run_stuff()

通常, .pylintrc 文件将遵循PEP8。如果没有提供,它将默认为 PEP8,如pylint 网站上所述。快乐的棉绒!


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