首页 > 解决方案 > 由索引矩阵指定的 Numpy 选择矩阵,来自多维数组

问题描述

我有一个a大小为 numpy 的数组5x5x4x5x5。我有另一个bsize矩阵5x5。我想从 0a[i,j,b[i,j]]i4 和j从 0 到 4。这会给我一个5x5x1x5x5矩阵。有没有办法做到这一点,而不仅仅是使用 2 个for循环?

标签: pythonarraysnumpyindexing

解决方案


让我们将矩阵a视为 100(= 5 x 5 x 4)个大小为 的矩阵(5, 5)。所以,如果你能得到每个三元组的线性索引(i, j, b[i, j])——你就完成了。这就是np.ravel_multi_index进来的地方。以下是代码。

import numpy as np
import itertools

# create some matrices
a = np.random.randint(0, 10, (5, 5, 4, 5, 5))
b = np.random(0, 4, (5, 5))

# creating all possible triplets - (ind1, ind2, ind3)
inds = list(itertools.product(range(5), range(5)))
(ind1, ind2), ind3 = zip(*inds), b.flatten()

allInds = np.array([ind1, ind2, ind3])
linearInds = np.ravel_multi_index(allInds, (5,5,4))

# reshaping the input array
a_reshaped = np.reshape(a, (100, 5, 5))

# selecting the appropriate indices
res1 = a_reshaped[linearInds, :, :]

# reshaping back into desired shape
res1 = np.reshape(res1, (5, 5, 1, 5, 5))

# verifying with the brute force method
res2 = np.empty((5, 5, 1, 5, 5))
for i in range(5):
    for j in range(5):
        res2[i, j, 0] = a[i, j, b[i, j], :, :]

print np.all(res1 == res2)  # should print True

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