python - 无法将方法添加到 Python 中的封闭类中存在的列表中

Question

这是我的挑战：

我正在开发一款游戏，并且我试图将所有玩家/敌人的能力都内置到方法中，以便更加“pythonic”（如果我误用了这个表达式，请道歉）。

我成功地从父类（即“Actor”，这里）收集方法列表作为 self.abilities，但我不能在继承“Actor”的类中添加到同一个列表中。

我已经进行了一些研究，并且我知道继承是棘手的，这种方式，并且还有很多其他方法可以将方法附加到每个类，但它们大多看起来很麻烦并且完全违背了拥有这些类的目的。

这是我想做的快照/示例：

livingThing --> 演员（可以攻击/治疗）--> 怪物（可以攻击/治疗/施法）--> 龙（可以攻击/治疗/施法/飞行）--> 等等

我试图避免在类的每次新迭代中复制相同的方法列表，并且我还试图避免使该游戏中的每个对象都成为“Actor”。

但是，因为我在init下有能力列表，但我似乎无法在方法之外访问它。我目前将 Monster 和 Ally 设置为简单地“通过”只是为了向自己证明他们确实继承了 Actor 的特征，但我无法从任何地方修改该列表，只能在 Actor 内部进行。

任何人都可以帮忙吗？谢谢！

# Anything that can interact directly (take action)
class Player(livingThing):
    def __init__(self,name="The Stranger", HP=10, MP=5, strength=1, intellect=1, spirit=1, luck=5, gil=6):
        self.name = name
        self.HP = HP
        self.MP = MP
        self.gil = gil
        self.strength = strength
        self.intellect = intellect
        self.spirit = spirit
        self.luck = luck

def act(player, enemy):
    actions = {
    "attack" : player.attack, 
    "heal" : player.heal, 
    "flee" : player.flee
    }
    #Takes input from the player
    player.safe = False
    while ((player.HP > 0) and (enemy.HP > 0)) and (player.safe != True):
        decision = input("What would you like to do? ")

        #Sets the user's input as lower-case and checks for it within the dictionary
        if decision.lower() in actions:
            actions[decision.lower()](enemy)
            if player.safe != True:
                enemy.agreact(player)
                player.printHP(enemy)

        else:
            print("That didn't workkkkkk!  Try again.")

# Prints both player and enemy HP
def printHP(player, enemy):
    print("{0}'s' HP: {1} \n{2}'s HP: {3}".format(player.name, player.HP, enemy.name, enemy.HP))

# Allows the player to attack an enemy (currently functional)
def attack(player, enemy):
    enemy.HP -= player.strength
    print("You strike {0} for {1} damage!".format(enemy.name, player.strength))
    #player.printHP(enemy)

# Allows the player to heal a certain amount of health based on its "spirit" stat (currently functional)
def heal(player, enemy):
    healed = randint(0, player.spirit)
    player.HP += healed
    print("You've healed for {0}!".format(healed))
    #player.printHP(enemy)

#Allows the player to attempt to run away
def flee(player, enemy):
    randluck = randint(0, player.luck)
    if randluck > 3:
        print("You successfully escaped!")
        player.safe = True
    else:
        print("You weren't able to escape!")


# Anything that can act with/against the player
class Actor(livingThing):
    def __init__(self, name="Unknown Entity", HP=10, MP=2, strength=1, intellect=1, spirit=3, gil=3):
        self. name = name
        self.HP = HP
        self.MP = MP
        self.gil = gil
        self.strength = strength
        self.intellect = intellect
        self.spirit = spirit
        self.abilities = [self.strike, self.heal]
        def printabilities():
            print(self.abilities)

    # Chooses how your opponent will respond to your attack
    def agreact(self, player):
        choice = randint(0, len(self.abilities)-1)
        self.abilities[choice](player)

    # A basic "hit back" reaction from your opponent--everyone can do this
    def strike(self, player):
        player.HP -= self.strength
        print("{0} hit {1} for {2}!".format(self.name, player.name, self.strength))

    def heal(self, enemy):
        healed = randint(0, self.spirit)
        self.HP += healed
        print("{0} healed for {1}!".format(self.name, healed))



class Monster(Actor):
    pass

class Ally(Actor):
    pass 

标签： pythonlistclassinheritancemethods