oracle - RMAN 备份 - 使用相同命令的不同输出
问题描述
当我将语法的一部分保留在中间一次而另一部分最终将备份存储在不同位置时，我看到使用“格式关键字”的 RMAN“备份数据库”命令的不同输出或行为，如下面的案例中所述
在下面的案例 1 中 - 我在中间使用了 format 关键字，它将备份集保存在定义的位置，但是如果我最后使用带有 format 关键字的相同命令，它将备份片段存储在 ORACLE_HOME/dbs 位置。不确定，为什么会这样。任何想法都会非常可观。
注意： - FRA 参数未启用，因为之前它在使用 case2 时将备份片段存储到 FRA 位置。
案例1： - 在中间使用格式关键字。
RMAN> backup format '/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_%U_%u_%t_%d' incremental level 0 database plus archivelog ;
Starting backup at 04-FEB-19
current log archived
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=283 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=16 RECID=16 STAMP=999351604
input archived log thread=1 sequence=17 RECID=17 STAMP=999351609
input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=18 STAMP=999351923
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
piece handle=/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_1stp1pjj_1_1_1stp1pjj_999351923_TEST tag=TAG20190204T134523 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 04-FEB-19
Starting backup at 04-FEB-19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/tnext_indx.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/tnext_data.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/tnext_data02.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/tnext_data03.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/sysaux.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/system.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/undotbs1.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/users.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
piece handle=/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_1ttp1pjk_1_1_1ttp1pjk_999351924_TEST tag=TAG20190204T134524 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
piece handle=/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_1utp1pjr_1_1_1utp1pjr_999351931_TEST tag=TAG20190204T134524 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 04-FEB-19
Starting backup at 04-FEB-19
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=19 RECID=19 STAMP=999351933
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
piece handle=/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_1vtp1pjt_1_1_1vtp1pjt_999351933_TEST tag=TAG20190204T134533 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 04-FEB-19
RMAN>
情况 2：在备份命令末尾使用 format 关键字。
RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database plus archivelog format '/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_%U_%u_%t_%d' ;
Starting backup at 04-FEB-19
current log archived
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=283 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=16 RECID=16 STAMP=999351604
input archived log thread=1 sequence=17 RECID=17 STAMP=999351609
input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=18 STAMP=999351923
input archived log thread=1 sequence=19 RECID=19 STAMP=999351933
input archived log thread=1 sequence=20 RECID=20 STAMP=999352079
input archived log thread=1 sequence=21 RECID=21 STAMP=999352087
input archived log thread=1 sequence=22 RECID=22 STAMP=999358913
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
piece handle=/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_29tp20e1_1_1_29tp20e1_999358913_TEST tag=TAG20190204T154153 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 04-FEB-19
Starting backup at 04-FEB-19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/tnext_indx.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/tnext_data.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/tnext_data02.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/tnext_data03.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/sysaux.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/system.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/undotbs1.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA_01/TEST/DATAFILE/users.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
piece handle=/o/oracle/DB12102/dbs/2atp20e2_1_1 tag=TAG20190204T154154 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
piece handle=/o/oracle/DB12102/dbs/2btp20e6_1_1 tag=TAG20190204T154154 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 04-FEB-19
Starting backup at 04-FEB-19
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=23 RECID=23 STAMP=999358920
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-FEB-19
piece handle=/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_2ctp20e8_1_1_2ctp20e8_999358920_TEST tag=TAG20190204T154200 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 04-FEB-19
RMAN>
谢谢，数据库管理员
解决方案
备份命令包含两种密钥文件格式。第一个键格式定义了数据库本身的备份文件的位置和格式，第二个键格式定义了归档日志备份文件的位置和格式。
RMAN> backup format '/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_%U_%u_%t_%d' incremental level 0 database plus archivelog format '/o/export/export/cold_test/backup_%U_%u_%t_%d' ;
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