node.js - 如何从 Flutter 发出纯文本 http(不是 https)请求
问题描述
出于测试目的,我想禁用加密,以便我可以使用 http 而不是 https 将我的 Flutter 应用程序连接到在我的本地主机上运行的服务器。我已经能够使用 https 来做到这一点,但是我遇到了 http 崩溃,因为默认情况下 Android 和 iOS 都不允许纯文本请求。
这是我的错误:
E/flutter ( 9119): [ERROR:flutter/shell/common/shell.cc(186)] Dart Error: Unhandled exception:
E/flutter ( 9119): SocketException: OS Error: Connection refused, errno = 111, address = 10.0.2.2, port = 40738
E/flutter ( 9119): #0 IOClient.send (package:http/src/io_client.dart:33:23)
E/flutter ( 9119): <asynchronous suspension>
E/flutter ( 9119): #1 BaseClient._sendUnstreamed (package:http/src/base_client.dart:169:38)
E/flutter ( 9119): <asynchronous suspension>
E/flutter ( 9119): #2 BaseClient.get (package:http/src/base_client.dart:32:7)
E/flutter ( 9119): #3 get.<anonymous closure> (package:http/http.dart:46:36)
E/flutter ( 9119): #4 _withClient (package:http/http.dart:166:20)
E/flutter ( 9119): <asynchronous suspension>
E/flutter ( 9119): #5 get (package:http/http.dart:46:5)
E/flutter ( 9119): #6 _makeGetRequest (package:flutter_client/main.dart:64:29)
E/flutter ( 9119): <asynchronous suspension>
E/flutter ( 9119): #7 BodyWidgetState.build.<anonymous closure> (package:flutter_client/main.dart:48:19)
E/flutter ( 9119): #8 _InkResponseState._handleTap (package:flutter/src/material/ink_well.dart:507:14)
E/flutter ( 9119): #9 _InkResponseState.build.<anonymous closure> (package:flutter/src/material/ink_well.dart:562:30)
E/flutter ( 9119): #10 GestureRecognizer.invokeCallback (package:flutter/src/gestures/recognizer.dart:102:24)
E/flutter ( 9119): #11 TapGestureRecognizer._checkUp (package:flutter/src/gestures/tap.dart:242:9)
E/flutter ( 9119): #12 TapGestureRecognizer.handlePrimaryPointer (package:flutter/src/gestures/tap.dart:175:7)
E/flutter ( 9119): #13 PrimaryPointerGestureRecognizer.handleEvent (package:flutter/src/gestures/recognizer.dart:315:9)
E/flutter ( 9119): #14 PointerRouter._dispatch (package:flutter/src/gestures/pointer_router.dart:73:12)
E/flutter ( 9119): #15 PointerRouter.route (package:flutter/src/gestures/pointer_router.dart:101:11)
E/flutter ( 9119): #16 _WidgetsFlutterBinding&BindingBase&GestureBinding.handleEvent (package:flutter/src/gestures/binding.dart:180:19)
E/flutter ( 9119): #17 _WidgetsFlutterBinding&BindingBase&GestureBinding.dispatchEvent (package:flutter/src/gestures/binding.dart:158:22)
E/flutter ( 9119): #18 _WidgetsFlutterBinding&BindingBase&GestureBinding._handlePointerEvent (package:flutter/src/gestures/binding.dart:138:7)
E/flutter ( 9119): #19 _WidgetsFlutterBinding&BindingBase&GestureBinding._flushPointerEventQueue (package:flutter/src/gestures/binding.dart:101:7)
E/flutter ( 9119): #20 _WidgetsFlutterBinding&BindingBase&GestureBinding._handlePointerDataPacket (package:flutter/src/gestures/binding.dart:85:7)
E/flutter ( 9119): #21 _invoke1 (dart:ui/hooks.dart:173:13)
E/flutter ( 9119): #22 _dispatchPointerDataPacket (dart:ui/hooks.dart:127:5)
在 Android 中,我可以通过向清单添加设置来禁用加密:
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
在 iOS 中,我可以通过向 Info.plist 添加设置来做同样的事情:
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
<key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
<true/>
</dict>
但我不知道如何在 Flutter 中做到这一点。
补充代码
Flutter main.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:http/http.dart';
void main() => runApp(MyApp());
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
title: 'Node server demo',
debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
theme: ThemeData(
primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
),
home: Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Flutter Client')),
body: BodyWidget(),
),
);
}
}
class BodyWidget extends StatefulWidget {
@override
BodyWidgetState createState() {
return new BodyWidgetState();
}
}
class BodyWidgetState extends State<BodyWidget> {
String serverResponse = 'Server response';
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Padding(
padding: const EdgeInsets.all(32.0),
child: Align(
alignment: Alignment.topCenter,
child: SizedBox(
width: 200,
child: Column(
crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
children: <Widget>[
RaisedButton(
child: Text('Send request to server'),
onPressed: () {
_makeGetRequest();
},
),
Padding(
padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
child: Text(serverResponse),
),
],
),
),
),
);
}
}
_makeGetRequest() async {
Response response = await get('http://10.0.2.2:3000');
int statusCode = response.statusCode;
Map<String, String> headers = response.headers;
String contentType = headers['content-type'];
String json = response.body;
print(statusCode);
print(headers);
print(contentType);
print(json);
}
颤振 pubspec.yaml
name: flutter_client
description: Flutter client to test Node.js server
version: 1.0.0+1
environment:
sdk: ">=2.1.0 <3.0.0"
dependencies:
flutter:
sdk: flutter
http: ^0.12.0+1
dev_dependencies:
flutter_test:
sdk: flutter
flutter:
uses-material-design: true
Node.js 应用程序.js
const http = require('http');
const hostname = '127.0.0.1';
const port = 3000;
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
res.statusCode = 200;
res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain');
res.end('Hello World\n');
});
server.listen(port, hostname, () => {
console.log(`Server running at http://${hostname}:${port}/`);
});
使用 Android 9 模拟器 (API 28) 进行测试。
更新1:
我尝试android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
在 Flutter 中添加到 Android 清单,但这并没有阻止 Dart 错误。
更新 2:
我在我的代码中使用 https 而不是 http。我更新了上面的内容,还更改了新的错误消息。
更新 3
嗯,Flutter 有更新(1.2.2),我升级了。然后我重新启动了 Android Studio。现在它只使用上面的代码就可以正常工作了。我不知道是什么导致了异常。莫非 Flutter 不需要 https?
解决方案
创建一个新的 httpclient 并禁用证书检查
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient()
..badCertificateCallback =
((X509Certificate cert, String host, int port) => true);
IOClient ioClient = new IOClient(httpClient);
ioClient.get(url);
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