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问题描述

有点类似于这个问题,我试图弄清楚如何在 Haskell Monad 状态下移动。团队中的每个人都Employee被替换为相应的Employee' 人,同时保持一些简单的状态。这是代码:

module Main( main ) where
import Control.Monad.State

data Employee  = EmployeeSW  Int Int | EmployeeHW Int String deriving ( Show )
data Employee' = EmployeeSW'     Int | EmployeeHW'    String deriving ( Show )

scanTeam :: [Employee] -> State (Int,Int) [Employee']
scanTeam [    ] = return []
scanTeam (p:ps) = scanEmployee p -- : scanTeam ps ???

scanEmployee :: Employee -> State (Int,Int) Employee'
scanEmployee (EmployeeSW id s) = do
    (num,raise) <- get
    put (num+1,raise)
    return (EmployeeSW' (s+raise))
scanEmployee (EmployeeHW id s) = do
    (num,raise) <- get
    put (num+1,raise)
    return (EmployeeHW' (s++(show raise)))

startState = (0,3000)

t = [(EmployeeHW 77 "Hundred"),(EmployeeSW 66 500),(EmployeeSW 32 200)]

main = print $ evalState (scanTeam t) startState

我想最终scanEmployee p与连接scanTeam ps,所以我尝试提取 的片段scanEmployee p并以某种方式将它们与scanTeam ps. 到目前为止,我失败得很惨。实际上,我什至不确定状态是否可以在它们之间移动(?)。

标签: haskellmonads

解决方案


由于State是一个单子,您可以使用do符号来定义State计算。(State的实例检测Monad状态,因此块中一个语句的结束状态成为下一个语句do的开始状态。)

因此,在一个do块中,我将:

  1. 处理Employee列表中的第一个以获得新的Employee
  2. 递归处理列表的其余部分
  3. 将两个结果重新组合在一起,并将它们用作Stateful 计算的返回值。
scanTeam :: [Employee] -> State (Int,Int) [Employee']
scanTeam [    ] = return []
scanTeam (p:ps) = do
    newP <- scanEmployee p
    newPs <- scanTeam ps
    return (newP:newPs)

事实证明,“map在单子上下文中”通常非常有用,因此它出现在标准前奏中mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> [a] -> m [b](又名traverse :: (Traversable t, Applicative f) => (a -> f b) -> t a -> f (t b),如果你准备好进入兔子洞)。

scanTeam = mapM scanEmployee

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