python - Python Turtle Collision 帮助和更新分数/生命
问题描述
我正在开发一个使用多个海龟的滚动游戏。玩家海龟根据键盘命令在 Y 轴上移动。虽然危害和好处在 X 轴上移动,然后循环并改变 Y 轴位置。我尝试定义一个函数colliding()
,可以测试玩家和受益海龟是否发生碰撞。有人可以帮忙解决碰撞功能吗?我还有一个问题,在检测到碰撞后如何改变玩家得分的值?我想我已经弄清楚了:我使用player['lives']+=1
. 但这并没有改变,因为——我的碰撞函数或循环有问题吗?
import turtle
import random
import math
#The list of the turtles being used
t = turtle.Turtle()
Harm1 = turtle.Turtle()
Harm2 = turtle.Turtle()
Ben = turtle.Turtle()
player1 = turtle.Turtle()
#Screen Specifications
screen = turtle.Screen()
screen.setup(500,500)
screen.bgcolor('darkgray')
Harm1.tracer(0)
Harm2.tracer(0)
Ben.tracer(0)
player1.tracer(0)
#Character dictionary
player ={"type":'Player',"x" : -200,"y" : 0,"size" : 20,"speed" : 10,
"color" : "green","Lives":3,"Score":0}
harm = {"type":'Harm',"x" : -200,"y" : 0,"size" : 30,"speed" : 6,
"color" : "red",}
benefit = {"type":'Benefit',"x" : -200,"y" : 0,"size" : 15,"speed":6,
"color" : "yellow",}
#These can change when collision happens
lives = player['Lives']
score = player['Score']
#These are the keys that let the player move up/down
def move_up():
player['y']+=player['speed']
return
def move_down():
player['y']-= player['speed']
#Player gets info from dictionary
def draw_player():
player1.clear()
player1.penup()
player1.goto(player["x"], player["y"])
player1.pendown()
player1.color(player["color"])
player1.begin_fill()
player1.circle(player["size"])
player1.end_fill()
#if player1(player['y']) > 250 or player1(player['y']) < -250:
#player1.sety(player['y'])
player1.update()
player1.hideturtle()
screen.listen()
screen.onkey(move_up, 'up')
screen.onkey(move_down, 'down')
def draw_harms():
Harm1.clear()
Harm1.color(harm['color'])
Harm1.begin_fill()
Harm1.circle(harm['size'])
Harm1.end_fill()
Harm1.update()
Harm1.setx(Harm1.xcor()-(harm['speed']))
if (Harm1.xcor() < -260 ): #This part of the code makes the object comeback.
Harm1.setx(260)
Harm1.sety(random.randint(-160,160)) #This makes the object change Y cor
Harm1.hideturtle()
Harm2.clear()
Harm2.color(harm['color'])
Harm2.begin_fill()
Harm2.circle(harm['size'])
Harm2.end_fill()
Harm2.update()
Harm2.setx(Harm2.xcor()-(harm['speed']))
if (Harm2.xcor() < -260 ): #This part of the code makes the object comeback.
Harm2.setx(220)
Harm2.sety(random.randint(-160,160)) #This makes the object change Y cor
Harm2.hideturtle()
def draw_benefit():
Ben.clear()
Ben.color(benefit['color'])
Ben.begin_fill()
Ben.circle(benefit['size'])
Ben.end_fill()
Ben.update()
Ben.setx(Ben.xcor()-(benefit['speed']))
if (Ben.xcor() < -260 ): #This part of the code makes the object comeback.
Ben.setx(220)
Ben.sety(random.randint(-160,160)) #This makes the object change Y cor
Ben.hideturtle()
#This Keeps the score and Lives
def draw_title_name(): #This writes the title on the screen
t.penup()
t.goto(-210,-200)
t.pendown()
t.write(("Score:", score),font=("Arial", 18, "normal"))
t.penup()
t.goto(-210,-223)
t.pendown()
t.write(('Lives:',lives),font=('Arial',18,'normal'))
t.hideturtle()
return
def colliding(player,benefit):
collision_detected = False;
var_dx = player['x'] - benefit['x']
var_dy = player['y'] - benefit['y']
distance = math.sqrt(var_dx * var_dx + var_dy * var_dy)
if (distance < player['radius']+ benefit['radius']):
collision_detected = True;
return collision_detected
while lives > 0: #ANIMATION LOOP
draw_player()
draw_harms()
draw_benefit()
draw_title_name()
if colliding == True:
player['lives'] += 1 This changes the lives in the player Dict
if lives == 0:
clearscreen
#Finish with a gameover screen!
解决方案
您的代码是一场灾难,其中有许多逻辑位会阻止它运行。为了解决您的问题,turtle 有自己的distance()
方法来测量海龟或海龟与位置之间的距离。使用它,您的colliding()
方法可能很简单:
def colliding(player, benefit):
return player.distance(benefit) < player_dict['size'] + benefit_dict['size']
colliding()
正如@Hoog 指出的那样,如果您要真正调用您的方法,而您没有这样做。此代码中的其他显示停止器:
if (distance < player['radius']+ benefit['radius']):
radius
永远不会定义属性。
var_dx = player['x'] - benefit['x']
虽然玩家的 x 位置在字典中更新,但好处没有,所以这永远不会起作用。
player['lives'] += 1 This changes the lives in the player Dict
缺少注释字符。
clearscreen
这是什么?大概应该是screen.clearscreen()
。
collision_detected = False;
...
collision_detected = True;
Python 中的分号通常表示事情进展不顺利。
Harm1 = turtle.Turtle()
Harm2 = turtle.Turtle()
Ben = turtle.Turtle()
player1 = turtle.Turtle()
...
Harm1.tracer(0)
Harm2.tracer(0)
Ben.tracer(0)
player1.tracer(0)
Turtle 实例不响应该tracer()
方法。屏幕实例可以。
player1.update()
Harm1.update()
Harm2.update()
Ben.update()
同上update()
。等等。
以下是我对您的代码的修改,使其基本运行:
from turtle import Screen, Turtle
from random import randint
FONT = ('Arial', 18, 'normal')
CURSOR_SIZE = 20
# Character dictionaries
player_dict = {'type': 'Player', 'x': -200, 'y': 0, 'radius': 20, 'speed':10, 'color': 'green', 'lives': 3, 'score': 0}
harm_dict = {'type': 'Harm', 'x': 0, 'y': 0, 'radius' : 30, 'speed': 6, 'color': 'red'}
benefit_dict = {'type': 'Benefit', 'x': 0, 'y': 0, 'radius': 15, 'speed': 6, 'color': 'yellow'}
# These are the keys that let the player move up/down
def move_up():
player_dict['y'] += player_dict['speed']
def move_down():
player_dict['y'] -= player_dict['speed']
# Player gets info from dictionary
def draw_player():
player1.sety(player_dict['y'])
def draw_harms():
harm1.forward(harm_dict['speed'])
if harm1.xcor() < -250 - harm_dict['radius']: # This part of the code makes the object come back.
harm1.hideturtle()
harm1.setx(250 + harm_dict['radius'])
harm1.sety(randint(-160, 160)) # This makes the object change Y coordinate
harm1.showturtle()
harm2.forward(harm_dict['speed'])
if harm2.xcor() < -250 - harm_dict['radius']: # This part of the code makes the object comeback.
harm2.hideturtle()
harm2.setx(250 + harm_dict['radius'])
harm2.sety(randint(-160, 160)) # This makes the object change Y coordinate
harm2.showturtle()
def draw_benefit():
ben.forward(benefit_dict['speed'])
if ben.xcor() < -250 - benefit_dict['radius']: # This part of the code makes the object comeback.
ben.hideturtle()
ben.setx(250 + benefit_dict['radius'])
ben.sety(randint(-160, 160)) # This makes the object change Y coordinate
ben.showturtle()
# This Keeps the score and Lives
def draw_lives():
lives.undo()
lives.write("Lives: {}".format(player_dict['lives']), font=FONT)
def draw_score():
score.undo()
score.write("Score: {}".format(player_dict['score']), font=FONT)
def colliding(player, benefit):
return player.distance(benefit) < player_dict['radius'] + benefit_dict['radius']
# Screen Specifications
screen = Screen()
screen.setup(500, 500)
screen.bgcolor('darkgray')
# The list of the turtles being used
t = Turtle(visible=False)
t.penup()
harm1 = Turtle('circle', visible=False)
harm1.color(harm_dict['color'])
harm1.shapesize(harm_dict['radius'] * 2 / CURSOR_SIZE)
harm1.penup()
harm1.setx(250 + harm_dict['radius'])
harm1.sety(randint(-160, 160))
harm1.setheading(180)
harm1.showturtle()
harm2 = Turtle('circle', visible=False)
harm2.color(harm_dict['color'])
harm2.shapesize(harm_dict['radius'] * 2 / CURSOR_SIZE)
harm2.penup()
harm2.setx(250 + harm_dict['radius'])
harm2.sety(randint(-160, 160))
harm2.setheading(180)
harm2.showturtle()
ben = Turtle('circle', visible=False)
ben.color(benefit_dict['color'])
ben.shapesize(benefit_dict['radius'] * 2 / CURSOR_SIZE)
ben.penup()
ben.setx(250 + benefit_dict['radius'])
ben.sety(randint(-160, 160))
ben.setheading(180)
ben.showturtle()
player1 = Turtle('circle', visible=False)
player1.color(player_dict['color'])
player1.shapesize(player_dict['radius'] * 2 / CURSOR_SIZE)
player1.penup()
player1.goto(player_dict['x'], player_dict['y'])
player1.showturtle()
score = Turtle(visible=False)
score.penup()
score.goto(-210, -200)
score.write("Score: {}".format(player_dict['score']), font=FONT)
lives = Turtle(visible=False)
lives.penup()
lives.goto(-210, -223)
lives.write("Lives: {}".format(player_dict['lives']), font=FONT)
screen.onkey(move_up, 'Up')
screen.onkey(move_down, 'Down')
screen.listen()
def move():
draw_player()
draw_harms()
draw_benefit()
# draw_score()
if colliding(player1, ben):
player_dict['lives'] += 1 # This increases the lives in the player dictionary
ben.hideturtle()
ben.setx(250 + benefit_dict['radius'])
ben.sety(randint(-160, 160))
ben.showturtle()
draw_lives()
if colliding(player1, harm1):
player_dict['lives'] -= 1 # This decreases the lives in the player dictionary
harm1.hideturtle()
harm1.setx(250 + harm_dict['radius'])
harm1.sety(randint(-160, 160))
harm1.showturtle()
draw_lives()
if colliding(player1, harm2):
player_dict['lives'] -= 1
harm2.hideturtle()
harm2.setx(250 + harm_dict['radius'])
harm2.sety(randint(-160, 160))
harm2.showturtle()
draw_lives()
if player_dict['lives'] == 0:
screen.clearscreen()
# Finish with a gameover screen!
return
if player_dict['lives'] > 0:
screen.ontimer(move, 75)
move()
screen.mainloop()
然而,它仍然需要做很多工作。
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