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c++ - 错误：没有匹配函数调用 'std::vector::push_back(y&) 在 C++ 中

问题描述

我有以下代码：

Vehicle.h：

#pragma once

class Vehicle
{
    public:
        Vehicle();
        ~Vehicle();

    private:
        int wheels;
};

Car.h：

#pragma once

#include "Vehicle.h"

class Car: public Vehicle
{
    public:
        Car();
        ~Car();

    private:
        int wheels=4;
};

ParkingLot.h：

#pragma once

#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "ParkingSpace.h"
#include "HandicappedParkingSpace.h"

class ParkingLot
{
    public:
        ParkingLot();
        ~ParkingLot();

        void ParkVehicle(Vehicle* _v, ParkingSpace& _ps, std::string ps);

        void ReleaseVehicle(Vehicle* _v, ParkingSpace& _ps, std::string ps);

        void getOccupiedSpaces();


    private:
        int value;

        std::vector <HandicappedParkingSpace> occupied_handicapparkingspaces;
        std::vector <HandicappedParkingSpace> vacant_handicapparkingspaces;
};

ParkingLot.cpp：

#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "ParkingLot.h"


ParkingLot::ParkingLot() {
    for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
        HandicappedParkingSpace HPS(1, nullptr);
        vacant_handicapparkingspaces.push_back(HPS);
    }

    std::cout<<"finished parking lot"<<std::endl;
}


void ParkingLot::ParkVehicle(Vehicle* _v, ParkingSpace& _ps, std::string ps)
{
    if (ps=="Handicapped") {
        if (vacant_handicapparkingspaces.size()!=0) {
            _ps.parkvehicle(_v);
            vacant_handicapparkingspaces.pop_back();
            occupied_handicapparkingspaces.push_back(_ps);
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout<<"No handicapped spaces available"<<std::endl;
        }
    }

}


void ParkingLot::ReleaseVehicle(Vehicle* _v, ParkingSpace& _ps, std::string ps)
{
    //_ps.vacant=1;
    //_ps.vehicle= nullptr;
    _ps.setVehicle(1, nullptr);

    if (ps=="Handicapped") {
        if (occupied_handicappparkingspaces.size()!=0) {
            vacant_handicapparkingspaces.push_back(_ps);
            occupied_handicapparkingspaces.pop_back();
        }
        else {
            std::cout<<"Unable to release any handicapped spaces"<<std::endl;
        }
    }
}

void ParkingLot::getOccupiedSpaces() {
    std::cout<<"Occupied handicap spaces: "<<occupied_handicapparkingspaces.size()<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<"Vacant handicap spaces: "<<vacant_handicapparkingspaces.size()<<std::endl;

}

ParkingSpace.h：

#pragma once

#include "Vehicle.h"

class ParkingSpace
{
    public:
        ParkingSpace();
        ~ParkingSpace();
        virtual void parkvehicle(Vehicle *v)=0;
        virtual void setVehicle(bool vacant, Vehicle* _v);


    private:
        Vehicle* vehicle;
        bool vacant; 

};

HandicappedParkingSpace.h：

#pragma once

#include "ParkingSpace.h"

class HandicappedParkingSpace : public ParkingSpace
{
    public:
        HandicappedParkingSpace(int _vacant, Vehicle* _v) {
            this->vacant=_vacant;
            this->vehicle=_v;
        }

        ~HandicappedParkingSpace();

        void parkvehicle(Vehicle* _v) {
            this->vacant=0;
            this->vehicle=_v;
        }

        void setVehicle(bool _vacant, Vehicle* _v) {
            this->vacant=_vacant;
            this->vehicle= _v;
        }


    private:
        int vacant;
        Vehicle* vehicle;

};

main.cpp

#include "ParkingLot.h"
#include "HandicappedParkingSpace.h"
#include "Car.h"
#include <iostream>


int main()
{
    ParkingLot PL;
    Car* c1;
    HandicappedParkingSpace HPS(1, nullptr);
    PL.ParkVehicle(c1, HPS, "Handicapped");
    //Car* c2;
    //CompactParkingSpace CPS(1, nullptr);
    //PL.ParkVehicle(c2, CPS, "Handicapped");

    PL.getOccupiedSpaces();

    std::cout<<"FINISHED"<<std::endl;
    //delete d;
        return 0;
}

这给出了以下错误

ParkingLot.cpp:1:9: warning: #pragma once in main file
 #pragma once
         ^~~~
ParkingLot.cpp: In member function ‘void ParkingLot::ParkVehicle(Vehicle*, ParkingSpace&, std::__cxx11::string)’:
ParkingLot.cpp:34:48: error: no matching function for call to ‘std::vector<HandicappedParkingSpace>::push_back(ParkingSpace&)’
    occupied_handicapparkingspaces.push_back(_ps);
                                                ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/7/vector:64:0,
                 from ParkingLot.cpp:5:
/usr/include/c++/7/bits/stl_vector.h:939:7: note: candidate: void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const value_type&) [with _Tp = HandicappedParkingSpace; _Alloc = std::allocator<HandicappedParkingSpace>; std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::value_type = HandicappedParkingSpace]
       push_back(const value_type& __x)
       ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/7/bits/stl_vector.h:939:7: note:   no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘ParkingSpace’ to ‘const value_type& {aka const HandicappedParkingSpace&}’
/usr/include/c++/7/bits/stl_vector.h:953:7: note: candidate: void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::value_type&&) [with _Tp = HandicappedParkingSpace; _Alloc = std::allocator<HandicappedParkingSpace>; std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::value_type = HandicappedParkingSpace]
       push_back(value_type&& __x)
       ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/7/bits/stl_vector.h:953:7: note:   no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘ParkingSpace’ to ‘std::vector<HandicappedParkingSpace>::value_type&& {aka HandicappedParkingSpace&&}’
ParkingLot.cpp: In member function ‘void ParkingLot::ReleaseVehicle(Vehicle*, ParkingSpace&, std::__cxx11::string)’:
ParkingLot.cpp:76:46: error: no matching function for call to ‘std::vector<HandicappedParkingSpace>::push_back(ParkingSpace&)’
    vacant_handicapparkingspaces.push_back(_ps);
                                              ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/7/vector:64:0,
                 from ParkingLot.cpp:5:
/usr/include/c++/7/bits/stl_vector.h:939:7: note: candidate: void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const value_type&) [with _Tp = HandicappedParkingSpace; _Alloc = std::allocator<HandicappedParkingSpace>; std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::value_type = HandicappedParkingSpace]
       push_back(const value_type& __x)
       ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/7/bits/stl_vector.h:939:7: note:   no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘ParkingSpace’ to ‘const value_type& {aka const HandicappedParkingSpace&}’
/usr/include/c++/7/bits/stl_vector.h:953:7: note: candidate: void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::value_type&&) [with _Tp = HandicappedParkingSpace; _Alloc = std::allocator<HandicappedParkingSpace>; std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::value_type = HandicappedParkingSpace]
       push_back(value_type&& __x)
       ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/7/bits/stl_vector.h:953:7: note:   no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘ParkingSpace’ to ‘std::vector<HandicappedParkingSpace>::value_type&& {aka HandicappedParkingSpace&&}’

有人能帮忙吗？

编辑：

忘记包括了CompactParkingSpace。ParkingLot.h应该 ：

#pragma once

#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "ParkingSpace.h"
#include "HandicappedParkingSpace.h"
#include "CompactParkingSpace.h"
#include "RegularParkingSpace.h"

class ParkingLot
{
    public:
        ParkingLot();
        ~ParkingLot();



        void ParkVehicle(Vehicle* _v, ParkingSpace& _ps, std::string ps);

        void ReleaseVehicle(Vehicle* _v, ParkingSpace& _ps, std::string ps);

        void getOccupiedSpaces();


    private:
        int value;

        std::vector <HandicappedParkingSpace> occupied_handicapparkingspaces;
        std::vector <HandicappedParkingSpace> vacant_handicapparkingspaces;
        std::vector <CompactParkingSpace> occupied_compactparkingspaces;
        std::vector <CompactParkingSpace> vacant_compactparkingspaces;
};

ParkingLot.cpp应该

#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "ParkingLot.h"


ParkingLot::ParkingLot() {
    for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
        HandicappedParkingSpace HPS(1, nullptr);
        vacant_handicapparkingspaces.push_back(HPS);
    }
    /*
    for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
        CompactParkingSpace CPS(1, nullptr);
        vacant_compactparkingspaces.push_back(CPS);
    }
    std::cout<<"finished parking lot"<<std::endl;
}


void ParkingLot::ParkVehicle(Vehicle* _v, ParkingSpace& _ps, std::string ps)
{
    if (ps=="Handicapped") {
        if (vacant_handicapparkingspaces.size()!=0) {
            _ps.parkvehicle(_v);
            vacant_handicapparkingspaces.pop_back();
            occupied_handicapparkingspaces.push_back(_ps);
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout<<"No handicapped spaces available"<<std::endl;
        }
    }

    else if  (ps=="Compact") {
        if (vacant_compactparkingspaces.size()!=0) {
            _ps.parkvehicle(_v);
            vacant_compactparkingspaces.pop_back();
            occupied_compactparkingspaces.push_back(_ps);
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout<<"No compact spaces available"<<std::endl;
        }
    }


}


void ParkingLot::ReleaseVehicle(Vehicle* _v, ParkingSpace& _ps, std::string ps)
{
    //_ps.vacant=1;
    //_ps.vehicle= nullptr;
    _ps.setVehicle(1, nullptr);

    if (ps=="Handicapped") {
        if (occupied_handicapparkingspaces.size()!=0) {
            vacant_handicapparkingspaces.push_back(_ps);
            occupied_handicapparkingspaces.pop_back();
        }
        else {
            std::cout<<"Unable to release any handicapped spaces"<<std::endl;
        }
    }

    else if  (ps=="Compact") {
        if (occupied_compactparkingspaces.size()!=0) {
            _ps.parkvehicle(_v);
            vacant_compactparkingspaces.push_back(_ps);
            occupied_compactparkingspaces.pop_back();
        }
        else {
            std::cout<<"Unable to release any compact spaces"<<std::endl;
        }
    }

}

void ParkingLot::getOccupiedSpaces() {
    std::cout<<"Occupied handicap spaces: "<<occupied_handicapparkingspaces.size()<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<"Vacant handicap spaces: "<<vacant_handicapparkingspaces.size()<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<"Occupied compact spaces: "<<occupied_compactparkingspaces.size()<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<"Vacant compact spaces: "<<vacant_compactparkingspaces.size()<<std::endl;
}

CompactParkingSpace.h：

#pragma once

#include "ParkingSpace.h"

class CompactParkingSpace : public ParkingSpace
{
    public:
        CompactParkingSpace(int _vacant, Vehicle* _v) {
            this->vacant=_vacant;
            this->vehicle=_v;
        }
        ~CompactParkingSpace();

        void parkvehicle(Vehicle* _v) {
            this->vacant=0;
            this->vehicle=_v;

        }

        void setVehicle(bool _vacant, Vehicle* _v) {
            this->vacant=_vacant;
            this->vehicle= _v;
        }

    private:
        int vacant;
        Vehicle* vehicle;


};

标签： c++oop

解决方案

虽然代码有很多错误，但您遇到的第一个错误

ParkingLot.cpp: In member function ‘void ParkingLot::ParkVehicle(Vehicle*, 
ParkingSpace&, std::__cxx11::string)’:
ParkingLot.cpp:34:48: error: no matching function for call to 
‘std::vector<HandicappedParkingSpace>::push_back(ParkingSpace&)’
occupied_handicapparkingspaces.push_back(_ps);

是因为您试图将 a 推ParkingSpace入只需要HandicappedParkingSpaces 的向量中。如果您要存储指针，那么您可以将 a 推HandicappedParkingSpace*入持有ParkingSpace*s 的向量中，但是（正如其他评论者所说）即使那样您也不能做相反的事情。

您可能想在此列表中搜索一些书籍，以帮助您更好地掌握继承。

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