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python - 从所有元素中删除所有带有 etree 的数据属性

问题描述

所以我正在尝试清理一些 HTML。我有以下功能：

def clean_html(self, html):
    replaced_html = html.decode('utf-8').replace('<', ' <')

    tree = etree.HTML(replaced_html)
    etree.strip_elements(tree, 'script', 'style', 'img', 'noscript', 'svg')

    for el in tree.xpath('//*[@style]'):
        el.attrib.pop('style')

    for el in tree.xpath('//*[@class]'):
        el.attrib.pop('class')

    for el in tree.xpath('//*[@id]'):
        el.attrib.pop('id')

    etree.strip_tags(tree, etree.Comment)
    return etree.tostring(tree, encoding='unicode', method='html')

我希望也删除所有data-attributes例如

<li data-direction="ltr" '
         'data-listposition="center" data-data-id="dataItem-ifz7cqbs" '
         'data-state="menu idle link notMobile">sky</li>

但是我不知道这些属性（上面只是一个例子）。

所以我希望将上述内容转换为just <li>sky</li>，并将在页面上的每个元素上运行。

在我上面的代码中，我可以删除简单的东西，例如id，class但我不确定如何处理动态属性data-*。可能是正则表达式？

编辑

我应该澄清一下输入。我上面的例子展示了<li>标签的使用。但实际输入是页面的整个 html，所以它会是这样的：

<html>
  <ul>
    <li data-i="sdfdsf">something</li>
    <li data-i="dsfd">something</li>
  </ul>
  <p data-para="cvcv">content</p>
 <div data-image-info='{"imageData":{"type":"Image","id":"dataItem-ifp35za1","metaData":{"pageId":"masterPage","isPreset":false,"schemaVersion":"2.0","isHidden":false},"title":"Black LinkedIn Icon","uri":"6ea5b4a88f0b4f91945b40499aa0af00.png","width":200,"height":200,"alt":"Black LinkedIn Icon","link":{"type":"ExternalLink","id":"dataItem-ig84dp5v","metaData":{"pageId":"masterPage","isPreset":false,"schemaVersion":"1.0","isHidden":false},"url":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/beth-liu-aba2b487?trk=hp-identity-name","target":"_blank"}},"displayMode":"fill"}' > </div> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.pinterest.com/agencyb/" target="_blank"  > <div data-image-info='{"imageData":{"type":"Image","id":"dataItem-ijxtrrjj","metaData":{"pageId":"masterPage","isPreset":false,"schemaVersion":"2.0","isHidden":false},"title":"Black Pinterest Icon","uri":"8f6f59264a094af0b46e9f6c77dff83e.png","width":200,"height":200,"alt":"Black Pinterest Icon","link":{"type":"ExternalLink","id":"dataItem-ikg674xm","metaData":{"pageId":"masterPage","isPreset":false,"schemaVersion":"1.0","isHidden":false},"url":"https://www.pinterest.com/agencyb/","target":"_blank"}},"displayMode":"fill"}' > </div> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.twitter.com/lubecka" target="_blank"  > <div data-image-info='{"imageData":{"type":"Image","id":"dataItem-ifp3554u","metaData":{"pageId":"masterPage","isPreset":false,"schemaVersion":"2.0","isHidden":false},"title":"Black Twitter Icon","uri":"c7d035ba85f6486680c2facedecdcf4d.png","description":"","width":200,"height":200,"alt":"Black Twitter Icon","link":{"type":"ExternalLink","id":"dataItem-ifp3554u1","metaData":{"pageId":"masterPage","isPreset":false,"schemaVersion":"1.0","isHidden":false},"url":"http://www.twitter.com/lubecka","target":"_blank"}},"displayMode":"fill"}' > </div> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/" target="_blank">
<html>

标签： pythonpython-3.xscrapylxmlelementtree

解决方案

假设“数据属性”的名称总是以“数据-”开头，您可以像这样删除它们：

for el in tree.xpath("//*"):
    for attr in el.attrib:
        if attr.startswith("data-"):
            el.attrib.pop(attr)

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