python - MySQLdb/_mysql.c(29)：致命错误 C1083：无法打开包含文件：'mysql.h'：没有这样的文件或目录
问题描述
我正在尝试在 django virtualenv 中安装 mysqlclient。但我得到这个错误
Collecting mysqlclient
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f4/f1/3bb6f64ca7a429729413e6556b7ba5976df06019a5245a43d36032f1061e/mysqlclient-1.4.2.post1.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient
Building wheel for mysqlclient (setup.py) ... error
Complete output from command c:\users\adity\desktop\dev\blog\env\scripts\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\adity\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-wxr9hw0f\\mysqlclient\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d C:\Users\adity\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-zjrz983m --python-tag cp37:
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win32-3.7
creating build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\_exceptions.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\compat.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\connections.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\converters.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\cursors.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\release.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\times.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
creating build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\CLIENT.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\CR.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\ER.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\FIELD_TYPE.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\FLAG.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
running build_ext
building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
creating build\temp.win32-3.7
creating build\temp.win32-3.7\Release
creating build\temp.win32-3.7\Release\MySQLdb
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -Dversion_info=(1,4,2,'post',1) -D__version__=1.4.2.post1 "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Connector C 6.1\include\mariadb" -Ic:\users\adity\appdata\local\programs\python\python37-32\include -Ic:\users\adity\appdata\local\programs\python\python37-32\include "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.10240.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\include\shared" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\include\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\include\winrt" /TcMySQLdb/_mysql.c /Fobuild\temp.win32-3.7\Release\MySQLdb/_mysql.obj /Zl /D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
_mysql.c
MySQLdb/_mysql.c(29): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'mysql.h': No such file or directory
error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\VC\\BIN\\cl.exe' failed with exit status 2
----------------------------------------
Failed building wheel for mysqlclient
Running setup.py clean for mysqlclient
Failed to build mysqlclient
Installing collected packages: mysqlclient
Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... error
Complete output from command c:\users\adity\desktop\dev\blog\env\scripts\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\adity\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-wxr9hw0f\\mysqlclient\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record C:\Users\adity\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-wtvbzmsb\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers c:\users\adity\desktop\dev\blog\env\include\site\python3.7\mysqlclient:
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win32-3.7
creating build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\_exceptions.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\compat.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\connections.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\converters.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\cursors.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\release.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb\times.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb
creating build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\CLIENT.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\CR.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\ER.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\FIELD_TYPE.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
copying MySQLdb\constants\FLAG.py -> build\lib.win32-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
running build_ext
building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
creating build\temp.win32-3.7
creating build\temp.win32-3.7\Release
creating build\temp.win32-3.7\Release\MySQLdb
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -Dversion_info=(1,4,2,'post',1) -D__version__=1.4.2.post1 "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Connector C 6.1\include\mariadb" -Ic:\users\adity\appdata\local\programs\python\python37-32\include -Ic:\users\adity\appdata\local\programs\python\python37-32\include "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.10240.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\include\shared" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\include\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\include\winrt" /TcMySQLdb/_mysql.c /Fobuild\temp.win32-3.7\Release\MySQLdb/_mysql.obj /Zl /D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
_mysql.c
MySQLdb/_mysql.c(29): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'mysql.h': No such file or directory
error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\VC\\BIN\\cl.exe' failed with exit status 2
----------------------------------------
Command "c:\users\adity\desktop\dev\blog\env\scripts\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\adity\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-wxr9hw0f\\mysqlclient\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record C:\Users\adity\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-wtvbzmsb\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers c:\users\adity\desktop\dev\blog\env\include\site\python3.7\mysqlclient" failed with error code 1 in C:\Users\adity\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-wxr9hw0f\mysqlclient\
我确实在stackoverflow上找到了一些在线解决方案，他们说mysqlclient不支持python 3.7 我需要从这个站点安装wheel
我确实尝试安装 whl 文件。但是plb是我无法在virtualenv中安装，当我尝试在virtual env中安装它时，我收到类似这样的错误
mysqlclient-1.4.2-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl 不是该平台支持的轮子。
我该如何解决这个问题？我需要在服务器上的 sql 数据库上部署我的应用程序。
解决方案
我在类似问题 中找到了答案（如果不是重复的）
“Σωτήρης Τσακιρίδης” 说：
尝试在 64 位环境中为 python32 安装 mysqlclient 时会发生此错误。卸载python并重新安装64位版本。然后 pip install mysqlclient 将运行没有错误。
如果您pyenv用于 Python 管理，请在项目文件夹中运行命令，例如：
pyenv local 3.6.8-amd64
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