embedded-linux - 如何在构建时通过 Yocto 添加用户?
问题描述
我正在使用 i.MX6 DL、Yocto Pyro 和内核 4.14.16 开发定制板,并试图弄清楚如何添加新用户。我已经尝试过这里提供的建议: 如何在 yocto 中添加用户并重新设置 root 用户?无济于事。我还尝试按原样运行演示 useradd-example.bb 配方(位于 recipes-skeleton 层),但它也不起作用。
它可以编译,我可以构建一个图像,但是当我尝试以任何新用户身份登录时,我的登录不正确。如果我以 root 身份登录,我在 /home/ 目录中看不到任何文件夹(我已将根主文件夹移动到 /root)。我猜有什么东西不见了。
这是我正在使用的食谱:
SUMMARY = "Add the user accounts that the production printer will need."
LICENSE = "CLOSED"
#inherit extrausers
#
#EXTRA_USERS_PARAMS = "\
# useradd -P Z2tQc0Ewto0c. mi_printer; \
# usermod -P Z2tQc0Ewto0c. root;"
#SUMMARY = "Example recipe for using inherit useradd"
#DESCRIPTION = "This recipe serves as an example for using features from useradd.bbclass"
#SECTION = "examples"
#PR = "r1"
#LICENSE = "MIT"
#LIC_FILES_CHKSUM = "file://${COREBASE}/meta/COPYING.MIT;md5=3da9cfbcb788c80a0384361b4de20420"
SRC_URI = "file://file1 \
file://file2 \
file://file3 \
file://file4"
S = "${WORKDIR}"
PACKAGES =+ "${PN}-user3"
#EXCLUDE_FROM_WORLD = "1"
inherit useradd
# You must set USERADD_PACKAGES when you inherit useradd. This
# lists which output packages will include the user/group
# creation code.
USERADD_PACKAGES = "${PN} ${PN}-user3"
# You must also set USERADD_PARAM and/or GROUPADD_PARAM when
# you inherit useradd.
# USERADD_PARAM specifies command line options to pass to the
# useradd command. Multiple users can be created by separating
# the commands with a semicolon. Here we'll create two users,
# user1 and user2:
USERADD_PARAM_${PN} = "-u 1200 -d /home/user1 -r -s /bin/bash user1; -u 1201 -d /home/user2 -r -s /bin/bash user2"
# user3 will be managed in the useradd-example-user3 pacakge:
# As an example, we use the -P option to set clear text password for user3
USERADD_PARAM_${PN}-user3 = "-u 1202 -d /home/user3 -r -s /bin/bash -P 'user3' user3"
# GROUPADD_PARAM works the same way, which you set to the options
# you'd normally pass to the groupadd command. This will create
# groups group1 and group2:
GROUPADD_PARAM_${PN} = "-g 880 group1; -g 890 group2"
# Likewise, we'll manage group3 in the useradd-example-user3 package:
GROUPADD_PARAM_${PN}-user3 = "-g 900 group3"
do_install () {
install -d -m 755 ${D}${datadir}/user1
install -d -m 755 ${D}${datadir}/user2
install -d -m 755 ${D}${datadir}/user3
install -p -m 644 file1 ${D}${datadir}/user1/
install -p -m 644 file2 ${D}${datadir}/user1/
install -p -m 644 file2 ${D}${datadir}/user2/
install -p -m 644 file3 ${D}${datadir}/user2/
install -p -m 644 file3 ${D}${datadir}/user3/
install -p -m 644 file4 ${D}${datadir}/user3/
# The new users and groups are created before the do_install
# step, so you are now free to make use of them:
chown -R user1 ${D}${datadir}/user1
chown -R user2 ${D}${datadir}/user2
chown -R user3 ${D}${datadir}/user3
chgrp -R group1 ${D}${datadir}/user1
chgrp -R group2 ${D}${datadir}/user2
chgrp -R group3 ${D}${datadir}/user3
}
FILES_${PN} = "${datadir}/user1/* ${datadir}/user2/*"
FILES_${PN}-user3 = "${datadir}/user3/*"
# Prevents do_package failures with:
# debugsources.list: No such file or directory:
INHIBIT_PACKAGE_DEBUG_SPLIT = "1"
开头使用的简短注释掉的简介extrausers
是我尝试过的,我在网络上的其他地方看到过。理想情况下,我想添加一个名为打印机的用户,但只要我能得到一些工作,我可能可以完成剩下的工作。
更新:最终配方如下所示:
SUMMARY = "Add the user accounts that the production printer will need."
LICENSE = "CLOSED"
SRC_URI = "file://file1 \
file://file2"
S = "${WORKDIR}"
inherit useradd
USERADD_PACKAGES = "${PN}"
USERADD_PARAM_${PN} = "-u 1200 -d /home/user1 -m -s /bin/sh -p Z2tQc0Ewto0c. mi-printer"
GROUPADD_PARAM_${PN} = "-g 880 group1"
do_install () {
install -d -m 755 ${D}${datadir}/mi-printer
install -p -m 644 file1 ${D}${datadir}/mi-printer/
install -p -m 644 file2 ${D}${datadir}/mi-printer/
# The new users and groups are created before the do_install
# step, so you are now free to make use of them:
chown -R mi-printer ${D}${datadir}/mi-printer
chgrp -R group1 ${D}${datadir}/mi-printer
}
FILES_${PN} = "${datadir}/mi-printer/*"
# Prevents do_package failures with:
# debugsources.list: No such file or directory:
INHIBIT_PACKAGE_DEBUG_SPLIT = "1"
密码哈希是通过运行获得的openssl passwd password
解决方案
您的问题似乎包括两部分:
如何添加用户
useradd
您示例中的部分已经这样做了;查看/etc/passwd
文件,你会发现user1
如何设置密码
您必须使用
-p
选项指定密码并确保已提供登录 shell(例如 not/bin/false
):
USERADD_PARAM_${PN} = "-s /bin/bash -p '$1$HzRkQcjT$/jV0VB4GJd1b3DTXfCYNo.' user1"
但在大多数情况下,您不需要第 2 步,因为嵌入式系统上通常只有服务用户,而没有普通用户。
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