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c# - 如何从 lambda 访问属性

问题描述

我想重构这段代码以摆脱依赖TModel, TValue

public static string DescriptionFor<TModel, TValue>(this IHtmlHelper<TModel> html, Expression<Func<TModel, TValue>> expression)
{
    // null checks

    DescriptionAttribute descriptionAttribute = null;
    if (expression.Body is MemberExpression memberExpression)
    {
        descriptionAttribute = memberExpression.Member
            .GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false)
            .Cast<DescriptionAttribute>()
            .SingleOrDefault();
    }

    return descriptionAttribute?.Description ?? string.Empty;
}

它有这样的调用：

@Html.DescriptionFor(x => x.MyModel.MyOtherModel.Property)

类似的事情

public static string DescriptionFor2<T>(Expression<Func<T>> expression)
{
    if (expression == null)
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(expression));

    if (!(expression.Body is MemberExpression memberExpression))
    {
        return string.Empty;
    }

    foreach (var property in typeof(T).GetProperties())
    {
        if (property == ((expression.Body as MemberExpression).Member as PropertyInfo))
        {
            var attr = property
                        .GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false)
                        .Cast<DescriptionAttribute>()
                        .FirstOrDefault();

            return attr?.Description ?? string.Empty;
        }
    }

    return string.Empty;       
}

像这样调用：

@MyHtml.DescriptionFor2<MyOtherModel>(x => x.MyProperty);

但这里有错误：

委托 'Func' 不接受 1 个参数

标签： c#delegatessystem.reflection

解决方案

你可以这样做：

void Main()
{
    Console.WriteLine(MyHtml.DescriptionFor2<Test>((t) => t.StringMember));
    Console.WriteLine(MyHtml.DescriptionFor2<Test>((t) => t.BooleanMember));
    Console.WriteLine(MyHtml.DescriptionFor2<Test>((t) => t.IntegerMember));
}

public class Test
{
    [Description("This is a string member")]
    public string StringMember { get; set; }
    [Description("This is a boolean member")]
    public bool BooleanMember { get; set; }
    [Description("This is a integer member")]
    public int IntegerMember { get; set; }
}

public static class MyHtml
{
    public static string DescriptionFor2<T>(Expression<Func<T, dynamic>> expression)
    {
        var result = string.Empty;
        var member = GetMemberExpression(expression)?.Member?.Name;
        if (member != null)
        {
            var property = typeof(T).GetProperty(member);
            if (property != null)
            {
                var attr = property
                            .GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false)
                            .Cast<DescriptionAttribute>()
                            .FirstOrDefault();

                result = attr?.Description ?? string.Empty;
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    private static MemberExpression GetMemberExpression<T>(Expression<Func<T, dynamic>> expression)
    {
        var member = expression.Body as MemberExpression;
        var unary = expression.Body as UnaryExpression;
        return member ?? (unary != null ? unary.Operand as MemberExpression : null);
    }
}

public class DescriptionAttribute : Attribute
{
    public string Description { get; set; }

    public DescriptionAttribute(string description)
    {
        Description = description;
    }
}

它涉及获取表达式的主体作为成员并使用其名称来解析对象上的属性。dynamic数据类型用于摆脱第二个类型参数，但是您也可以显式定义它以更好地捕获编译时错误：

public static string DescriptionFor2<T, U>(Expression<Func<T, U>> expression)

并称它为：

MyHtml.DescriptionFor2<Test, string>((t) => t.StringMember);
MyHtml.DescriptionFor2<Test, bool>((t) => t.BooleanMember);
MyHtml.DescriptionFor2<Test, int>((t) => t.IntegerMember);

编辑：编辑答案，因为初始解决方案不适用于值类型，请参阅类型成员的表达式导致不同的表达式（MemberExpression，UnaryExpression）

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