docker - Docker for Windows: Accessing named volume mounts
问题描述
Please note that this is not a duplicate of Locating data volumes in Docker Desktop (Windows) as back in 2017 the inner workings of docker on windows were quite different - e.g. docker volume inspect output is quite different nowadays.
I have trouble accessing data mounted to containers in docker for windows via named volume mounts.
docker inspect [vol-id]
[
{
"CreatedAt": "2019-04-02T11:58:14Z",
"Driver": "local",
"Labels": {
"com.docker.compose.project": "foo",
"com.docker.compose.version": "1.24.0",
"com.docker.compose.volume": "mongodata-foo"
},
"Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/foo_mongodata-foo/_data",
"Name": "foo_mongodata-payoff",
"Options": null,
"Scope": "local"
}
]
--> Mountpoint is inside the HyperV VM used in Docker. How to get access to that data? Is there an easily manageable way to to this?
Note: I don't have C:\ProgramData\Docker\Volumes
as described here. Instead, what was created with Docker Desktop 2.0.0.3, Engine 18.03.3, was C:\ProgramData\DockerDesktop
. That does not contain any Volumes as far as I can tell.
Background: I need named mounts with default location inside HyperV, as mounting it manually via docker run -v
or specifying the driver device location looks to be unsupported by mongodb (I have exactly the same behavior as described there. It looks like mongodb is incompatible with NTFS-originating volume mounts.
解决方案
使用内置 docker cp 的方法
用于docker cp [containername]:[path] [host-path]
例如复制数据 - 反转参数以复制数据 - 它就像 scp 一样工作。要获得对数据的 shell 访问,您只需附加到正在运行的容器即可。
亲:在 docker compose 中不需要额外的东西
缺点:没有与 WinSCP 之类的文件浏览器 GUI 集成(据我所知)。每次在主机和容器之间更新文件时,都需要进行基于终端的复制。
使用 dockerized ssh 服务器的方法
pro:可以与任何可以通过 ssh/sftp 通信的工具集成
缺点:需要额外的设置
以下方法在服务中启动 ssh 服务器,使用 docker-compse 进行设置,使其自动启动并在主机和容器之间使用公钥加密进行授权。这样,可以通过 scp 或 sftp 上传/下载数据。
下面是 node.js (keystone) + mongodb 应用程序的完整 docker-compose.yml,以及一些关于如何使用 ssh 服务的文档:
version: '3'
services:
foo:
build: .
image: localhost.localdomain/${repository_name}:${tag}
container_name: ${container_name}
ports:
- "3333:3333"
links:
- mongodb-foo
depends_on:
- mongodb-foo
- sshd
volumes:
- "${host_log_directory}:/var/log/app"
mongodb-foo:
container_name: mongodb-${repository_name}
image: "mongo:3.4-jessie"
volumes:
- mongodata-foo:/data/db
expose:
- '27017'
#since mongo data on Windows only works within HyperV virtual disk (as of 2019-4-3), the following allows upload/download of mongo data
#setup: you need to copy your ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub into $DOCKER_DATA_DIR/.ssh/id_rsa.pub, then run this service again
#download (all mongo data): scp -r -P 2222 user@localhost:/data/mongodb [target-dir within /c/]
#upload (all mongo data): scp -r -P 2222 [source-dir within /c/] user@localhost:/data/mongodb
sshd:
image: maltyxx/sshd
volumes:
- mongodata-foo:/data/mongodb
- $DOCKER_DATA_DIR/.ssh/id_rsa.pub:/home/user/.ssh/keys/id_rsa.pub:ro
ports:
- "2222:22"
command: user::1001
#please note: using a named volume like this for mongo is necessary on Windows rather than mounting an NTFS directory.
#mongodb (and probably most other databases) are not compatible with windows native data directories due ot permissions issues.
#this means that there is no direct access to this data, it needs to be dumped elsewhere if you want to reimport something.
#it will however be persisted as long as you don't delete the HyperV virtual drive that docker host is using.
#on Linux and Docker for Mac it is not an issue, named volumes are directly accessible from host.
volumes:
mongodata-foo:
注意:对于一个完整的示例,在任何 docker-compose 调用之前,需要运行以下脚本:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -o errexit
set -o pipefail
set -o nounset
working_directory="$(pwd)"
host_repo_dir="${working_directory}"
repository_name="$(basename ${working_directory})"
branch_name="$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)"
container_name="${repository_name}-${branch_name}"
host_log_directory="${DOCKER_DATA_DIR}/log/${repository_name}"
tag="${branch_name}"
export host_repo_dir
export repository_name
export container_name
export tag
export host_log_directory
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