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python - 使用序列化程序在restframework中进行API调用的Django一对多关系

问题描述

我有两个模型，它们是问题和与该问题一致的一组选择。我想结合这两个模型来创建一个 API，显示一个问题列表和他们的选择。

这些是我的模型：

class Question(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField("date published")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.question_text


class Choice(models.Model):
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.choice_text

这些是我的序列化程序

class QuestionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Question
        fields = ('question_text',)


class ChoiceSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Choice
        fields = ('choice_text','question',)


class QuestionWithAnswer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    question = QuestionSerializer(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Choice
        fields = ('question',)

这是视图类

@api_view(['GET', 'POST', ])
def getquestionWithChoices(request):
    question = Question.objects.all()
    serializer = QuestionWithAnswer
    return Response(serializer.data)

我尝试了很多东西，但无法获得以下输出。

  [
          {
            "id": 1,
            "question_text": "What's your name?",
            "pub_date": "2019-04-13T05:27:21Z",
            "choices": [
              {
                "id": 1,
                "choice_text": "fred",
                "votes": 0,
                "question": 1
              },
              {
                "id": 2,
                "choice_text": "bob",
                "votes": 0,
                "question": 1
              },
              {
                "id": 3,
                "choice_text": "rachel",
                "votes": 0,
                "question": 1
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": 2,
            "question_text": "What's your age?",
            "pub_date": "2019-04-13T05:27:39Z",
            "choices": [
              {
                "id": 4,
                "choice_text": "15",
                "votes": 4,
                "question": 2
              },
              {
                "id": 5,
                "choice_text": "16",
                "votes": 2,
                "question": 2
              },
              {
                "id": 6,
                "choice_text": "17",
                "votes": 2,
                "question": 2
              }
            ]
          }
        ]

标签： pythondjangoapidjango-rest-framework

解决方案

您没有正确实例化序列化器。

@api_view(['GET', 'POST', ])
def getquestionWithChoices(request):
    questions = Question.objects.all()
    serializer = QuestionWithAnswer(questions, many=True)
    return Response(serializer.data)

并且您的序列化程序也未正确定义：

class ChoiceSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Choice
        fields = ('id', 'votes', 'choice_text','question',)


class QuestionWithAnswer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    choices = ChoiceSerializer(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Question
        fields = ('id', 'question_text', 'pub_date', 'choices')

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