python - 在 tkinter 中通过 networkx 构建图表并读取条目值

Question

我试图让我的程序读取矩阵，它可以由用户输入，并在根的某个地方构建这个图。所以我们可以在我们的图中设置点的数量，然后我们可以得到空矩阵来插入我们点之间的关系。之后我可以提交我的值并且它们是正确的，但是当我尝试构建图形时，总是会出现错误，修复这些错误会产生新的错误。

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import tkinter as tk
import networkx as nx
import numpy as np


class SimpleTableInput(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, rows, columns):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self._entry = {}
        self.rows = rows
        self.columns = columns
        for row in range(self.rows):
            for column in range(self.columns):
                index = (row, column)
                e = tk.Entry(self)
                e.grid(row=row, column=column, stick="nsew")
                e.insert(0, '0')
                self._entry[index] = e
        for column in range(self.columns):
            self.grid_columnconfigure(column, weight=1)
        self.grid_rowconfigure(rows, weight=1)

    def get(self):
        result = []
        for row in range(self.rows):
            current_row = []
            for column in range(self.columns):
                index = (row, column)
                current_row.append(self._entry[index].get())
            result.append(current_row)
        self.matrix = np.array(result)
        return result


class Example(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, n):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self.table = SimpleTableInput(self, n, n)
        self.submit = tk.Button(self, text="Submit", command=self.on_submit)
        self.table.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
        self.submit.pack(side="bottom")

    def on_submit(self):
        print(self.table.get())
        matrix = self.table.get()
        matrix = np.array(matrix)


def build_graph():
    f = plt.figure(figsize=(5, 4))
    plt.axis('off')
    G = nx.from_numpy_array(matrix)
    pos = nx.circular_layout(G)
    nx.draw_networkx(G, pos=pos)
    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, master=root)
    canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=Tk.bottom, fill=Tk.BOTH, expand=1)


def create_matrix():
    n = int(e1.get())
    table = Example(root, n).pack(side="left")
    b2 = tk.Button(root, text="build_graph", command=build_graph)
    b2.pack(side='bottom')


root = tk.Tk()
b1 = tk.Button(root, text="Number of points", command=create_matrix)
e1 = tk.Entry(root)
e1.insert(0, '0')
b1.pack(side='right')
e1.pack(side='right')
matrix = []
root.mainloop()

我是 tkinter 的新手，所以总是有错误，我无法修复正确，例如现在我得到：

“AttributeError：‘list’对象没有属性‘shape’”

我怎样才能正确修复它？

或者我可能需要从 python 中的其他 GUI 库开始执行此类任务？

标签： pythonnumpytkintergraphnetworkx

Answer 1

您使用 list 来创建情节，但它需要np.array.

build_graph你必须从数组中获取并table转换Example为数组

def build_graph():
    #global table 
    matrix = table.table.get()
    matrix = np.array(matrix)

table（例如，您使用Example具有属性表的名称，因此您会得到table.table它，这可能会产生误导）

还有其他问题

tableincreate_graph是局部变量，因此您无法在此函数之外访问它。您需要global创建全局变量

def create_matrix():
    global table 

接下来你有常见的错误

table = Example().pack()

它分配None给变量table，因为pack()返回None

table = Example()
table.pack()

有一个小错误，side=Tk.bottom, fill=Tk.both因为你需要tk而不是Tk或者你可以使用字符串side="bottom", fill="both"

最后我得到了这张图。

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import tkinter as tk
import networkx as nx
import numpy as np


class SimpleTableInput(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, rows, columns):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self._entry = {}
        self.rows = rows
        self.columns = columns
        for row in range(self.rows):
            for column in range(self.columns):
                index = (row, column)
                e = tk.Entry(self)
                e.grid(row=row, column=column, stick="nsew")
                e.insert(0, '0')
                self._entry[index] = e
        for column in range(self.columns):
            self.grid_columnconfigure(column, weight=1)
        self.grid_rowconfigure(rows, weight=1)

    def get(self):
        result = []
        for row in range(self.rows):
            current_row = []
            for column in range(self.columns):
                index = (row, column)
                current_row.append(self._entry[index].get())
            result.append(current_row)
        self.matrix = np.array(result)
        return result


class Example(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, n):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self.table = SimpleTableInput(self, n, n)
        self.submit = tk.Button(self, text="Submit", command=self.on_submit)
        self.table.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
        self.submit.pack(side="bottom")

    def on_submit(self):
        matrix = self.table.get()
        matrix = np.array(matrix)
        print(matrix)


def build_graph():
    #global table 
    matrix = table.table.get()
    matrix = np.array(matrix)

    f = plt.figure(figsize=(5, 4))
    plt.axis('off')

    G = nx.from_numpy_array(matrix)
    pos = nx.circular_layout(G)
    nx.draw_networkx(G, pos=pos)
    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, master=root)
    canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side='bottom', fill='both', expand=1) # ERROR Tk.


def create_matrix():
    global table 

    n = int(e1.get())
    table = Example(root, n) # .pack(side="left") ERROR
    table.pack(side="left")
    b2 = tk.Button(root, text="Build Graph", command=build_graph)
    b2.pack(side='bottom')

root = tk.Tk()
b1 = tk.Button(root, text="Number of points", command=create_matrix)
e1 = tk.Entry(root)
e1.insert(0, '0')
b1.pack(side='right')
e1.pack(side='right')
matrix = []
root.mainloop()